Linux C Programming II: Linux Basics

1, the characteristics of Linux

(1) Linux is an operating system (as a software program for interfacing between users and Computers)

　　　　Note: operating system Features: command interpretation, process management, memory management, input/output (I/O) operations and peripheral management, file management

(2) Features: With noble blood

Open, multi-user, multitasking, excellent stability and speed performance, rich network performance, reliable system security, portability (for most computer platforms)

(3) Linux shutdown method

　　

2. Linux system architecture

Hardware > Kernel > Interface (Shell) > Outer application

3, the directory structure of Linux

　　

directory where commands are stored:/bin/sbin/usr/bin/usr/sbin/usr/local/bin

　　Boot/ boot kernel and other required files for system startup

　　/opt Installing a large application

　　/lost+dound files that were replied to during system repair

　　/ dev Place device files

　　　　

　　directory where the/ etc configuration file is located

　　　　

/etc.inittab

　　　　　　

　　

　　 /home User Master Directory

User's default home directory/home/usernameuseradd username  Create new user passwd username  add password

　　　　

　/lib Library file directory

Libraries used by the/lib system, such as the C library/lib.modules/2.4.20-8/lernel/drivers (Driver Library)/usr/lib/  application libraries, such as the MySQL API

　　/mnt Loading directory

Mount of the optical drive: Mount-t file type device file mount directory

Mount-t Ios9660/dev/cdrom/mnt/cdrom

Unmount of the optical drive:

Umount/mnt/cdrom

　　/ usr user directory

/user/doc/usr/share/doc Help Documentation

Man View the man page of the command

Info view Help for commands

Command-help

/user/src/linux-2.4.20-8/    Storing the source code for Linux

　　

4. Understand the hard drive information

5. File Operation command

6, the file search

7. Comparison of documents

8. Permissions of the file directory

9. Hard connection and symbolic link

10. redirect

11, the main command of the network

12. File Distribution Format

Linux C Programming II: Linux Basics