Mount/umount command

If you want to access resources in other file systems in a running Linux system, use the mount command.

2. What is the basic usage of mount?
Format: Mount [-parameter] [device name] [mount point]
Common parameters include:
-A: All file systems installed in the/etc/fstab file.
-F disguises the mount and checks the device and directory, but does not actually mount the file system.
-N does not record installation in the/etc/mtab file.
-R indicates that the file system is read-only.
-V displays the installation information in detail.
-W: Install the file system as Writable, which is the default command.
-T specifies the file system type of the device., Common include:
Ext2 common file systems in Linux
Msdos MS-DOS fat, is fat16
FAT32 commonly used in vfat Windows98
NFS Network File System
ISO CD-ROM CD standard file system
NTFS Windows NT/2000/XP File System
Auto automatically detects the File System
-O specifies the option when mounting the file system, and some can also be written in/etc/fstab. Commonly used:
Defaults uses the default values of all options (Auto, nouser, RW, and SUID)
Auto/noauto allow/do not allow installation with the-A Option
Dev/nodev does not explain/to special devices on the file system
Exec/noexec allowed/not allowed to execute binary code
SUID/nosuid confirm/unconfirm SUID and SGID bit
User/nouser allow/do not allow general users to mount
CodePage = xxx code page
Iocharset = xxx Character Set
RO mounting in read-only mode
RW mounting in read/write mode
Remount reinstalls the installed File System
Loop mounting of a maneuver Device

It should be noted that the mount point must be an existing Directory, which may not be empty, but the previous contents in this directory will not be available after mounting, umount will return to normal later. When multiple-O parameters are used,-O is used only once, and the parameters are separated by commas:

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Code:
# Mount-O remount, RW/
For example, if you want to mount a d disk with the file system FAT32 in windows, the partition corresponds to/dev/hda5 in Linux, which varies according to the specific partition conditions, here we use hda5 as an example:
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Code:
# Mkdir/mnt/hda5 // create the hda5 directory as the mount point. The location and directory name can be customized //
# Mount-T vfat/dev/hda5/mnt/hda5
In general, Linux automatically detects the partition file system. Unless specified by you,-T vfat can be saved.
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Code:
# Mount/dev/hda5/mnt/hda5
In this way, you can access the resources in the partition in the/mnt/hda5 directory.
3. Why cannot the Chinese file be displayed as question mark/garbled characters after the partition is mounted?
A question mark indicates that your system does not have any Chinese fonts that can be recognized. Install Chinese fonts first. Make sure that your system can display Chinese properly. Garbled characters are usually caused by inconsistent File System encoding used by the Mount by default with the actual encoding of files in the file system. To properly display Chinese files, use the codePage and iocharset options in the-O parameter during mount. CodePage specifies the code page of the file system. The Chinese code in simplified Chinese is 936. iocharset specifies the character set. cp936 or gb2312 is generally used for simplified Chinese.
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Code:
# Mount-O iocharset = gb2312 codePage = 936/dev/hda5/mnt/hda5
In general, Mount-O iocharset = cp936/dev/hda5/mnt/hda5 can solve the problem.
If there is still a problem after doing so, try UTF-8 encoding:
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Code:
# Mount-O iocharset = utf8/dev/hda5/mnt/hda5
4. Why can't common users write partitions after mounting?
Add-O umask = 000 to the Mount:
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Code:
# Mount-O umask = 000, iocharset = cp936/dev/hda5/mnt/hda5
5. Why do all the files in the mounted partition become short file names?
This is why the file system fails. This problem occurs when FAT32 is mounted to fat16. First, umount and then re-mount it with-T vfat to solve the problem.
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Code:
# Mount-t vat/dev/hda5/mnt/hda5
6. Why cannot I mount NTFS partitions?
This is why the kernel does not support the NTFS file system. Re-compile the kernel or install the NTFS file system support package for the kernel to support the NTFS file system.
7. How to mount a USB flash drive and MP3?
If the computer does not have other SCSI devices and USB peripherals, the path of the inserted USB flash drive device is/dev/sda1. Run the following command:
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Code:
# Mkdir/mnt/u
# Mount/dev/sda1/mnt/u
Mount.
8. Can I directly use the ISO file?
Yes, that is, the mount option enables free virtual optical drive in Linux. The usage is as follows:
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Code:
# Mkdir/mnt/ISO
# Mount-o loop Linux. ISO/mnt/ISO
Of course, after mounting, the mount point/mnt/ISO is also read-only.
9. Why can't I mount an ISO file?
In general, the kernel used by most distributions has compiled the support for loop devices, but there is no such situation. Therefore, ensure that the kernel used by the system supports loop devices.
The second case is that the ISO file is stored in NTFS or other read-only file systems. The loop device must be mounted to a writable partition. Currently, the Linux kernel has limited write support for the NTFS file system. Copy the ISO file to another writable file system and then mount it.
10. How to mount the optical driveAnd soft drive
In general, the CDROM device file is/dev/HDC, and the disk drive device name is/dev/fd0.
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Code:
# Mkdir/mnt/CDROM
# Mount/dev/HDC/mnt/CDROM // mount the optical drive //
# Mkdir/mnt/floppy
# Mount/dev/fd0/mnt/Floppy // mount a soft drive //
11. Why does the mounted CD-ROM fail to display Chinese files?
The-O iocharset = cp936 option can solve the problem. Otherwise, UTF-8 encoding is used.
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Code:
# Mount-O iocharset = cp936/dev/HDC/mnt/CDROM
12. How can I mount partitions automatically when I start the system?
It is really complicated to enter such a long command for each mounting. You only need to write the partition information to the/etc/fstab file to enable automatic mounting of the system startup, for example, add the following lines to the automatic mount of/dev/hda5:
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Code:
/Dev/hda5/mnt/hda5 vfat defaults, iocharset = cp936, RW 0 0
13. How to mount Samba partitions?
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Code:
# Mkdir/mnt/share
# Mount-T smbfs-O username = root, password = ABC, codePage = 936, iocharset = gb2312 // 192.168.1.100/share/mnt/share
If the Chinese display is abnormal, try UTF-8 encoding. Of course, you can write it to fstab for automatic mounting.
14. What does Mount -- bind mean?
Mount -- BIND is to mount the content in one directory to another. usage is
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Code:
# Mount-- BindOlddir newdir
This command makes it very convenient to share a directory with a self-built FTP. To cancel the mount, run the following command:
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Code:
# Mount-- MoveOlddir newdir.
If Mount -- bind also wants to write data to fstab, the format is as follows:
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Code:
Olddir newdir none bind 0 0
15. What is the basic usage of umount?
For example, if/dev/hda5 has been mounted to/mnt/hda5, you can run the following three commands to unmount the mounted file system:
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Code:
# Umount/dev/hda5
# Umount/mnt/hda5
# Umount/dev/hda5/mnt/hda5
16. Why is Device Busy always displayed during umount?
This is because a program is accessing this device. The simplest way is to let the program accessing this device exit and then umount. Sometimes users may not know what programs are accessing the device. If you are not in a rush to umount, you can use:
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Code:
# Umount-L/mnt/hda5
To uninstall the device. Option-l does not immediately umount, but umount after the directory is idle. You can also use the command PS aux to view the PID of the program that occupies the device, and then use the command kill to kill the process that occupies the device, so that umount is very relieved.