Number Type details)

1>. Number Type Details:
Oracle number datatype Syntax: Number [(precision [, scale])]
Short for: precision --> P
Scale --> S

Number (P, S)
Range: 1 <= P <= 38,-84 <= S <= 127
Data storage range:-1.0e-130 <= number value <1.0e + 126
Saved in the machine range: 1 ~ 22 bytes

Valid: the number of digits from the first digit not 0 on the left.
S:
S> 0
Accurate to the second place to the right of the decimal point, and rounded. Then, check whether the valid bit is <= P.
S <0
It is accurate to the second place on the left of the decimal point, and rounded up. Then, check whether the valid bit is <= P + | S |.
S = 0
In this case, number indicates an integer.

Eg:
Actual data specified as stored
----------------------------------------
123.89 number 123.89
123.89 number (3) 124
123.89 number (123.89)
123.89 number (6, 1) 123.9
123.89 number () exceeds precision (valid bits: 5, 5> 4)
123.89 number (6,-2) 100
. 01234 number (01234). (effective bit: 4)
. 00012 number (00012 ).
. 000127 number (00013 ).
. 0000012 number (0000012 ).
. 00000123 number (0000012 ).
1.2e-4 Number (2, 5) 0.00012
1.2e-5 Number (0.00001)
123.2564 number 123.2564
1234.9876 number (1234.99)
12345.12345 number () error (valid bit: 5 + 2> 6)
1234.9876 number (6) 1235 (S does not indicate s = 0)
12345.345 number (5,-2) 12300
1234567 number (5,-2) 1234600
12345678 number (5,-2) error (valid 8> 7)
123456789 number (5,-4) 123460000
1234567890 number (5,-4) error (valid value: 10> 9)
12345.58 number (*, 1) 12345.6
0.1 number (0.10000) error (, valid bit: 5> 4)
0.01234567 number (0.01235)
0.09999 number (0.09999)