Router Working Principle and Classification Application (1)

How routers work

The classification and Application of A vro are inseparable from the analysis of the working principle of the vro. the working principle of the vro determines its main classification and the scope of its application. In order to briefly describe the working principle of the router, we assume that there is such a simple network.

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A, B, C, and D networks are connected together through routers. Now let's take A look at how routers play their routing and data forwarding roles in the network environment. Assume that A user A1 in Network A sends A request signal to the C3 user in Network C as follows:

Step 1: User A1 sends the target user C3 address C3 together with data information to all nodes in the same network in the form of data frames through a hub or switch in the form of broadcast, when port A5 of the vroa5 listens to this address, the analysis shows that the destination node is not in this network segment. If the destination node needs to be routed and forwarded, the data frame is received.

Step 2: After receiving data frames of user A1, port A5 of the router extracts the IP address of the target user C3 from the header and calculates the optimal route table for user C3. Since the analysis shows that the C3 network ID number is the same as the C5 network ID number of the vroc5, direct transmission from the A5 port of the vroa5 to the C5 port of the vro should be the best way to transmit signals.

Step 2: The C5 port of the vroc5 fetches the IP address of the target user C3 again, and finds the host ID in the IP address of C3. If there is a switch in the network, it can be sent to the switch first, the switch identifies the specific network node Location Based on the MAC address table. If there is no switch device, the data frame is directly sent to the user C3 Based on the host ID in the IP address, this complete data communication and forwarding process has also been completed.

Router Working Principle

It can be seen from the above that no matter how complicated the network is, the router actually does such a few steps, so the working principle of the entire router is almost the same. Of course, the actual network is much more complex than shown, and the actual steps are not as simple as described above, but the general process is like this.