GBK, gb2312: For Chinese people who use Chinese
Utf-8: Equivalent to compatibility mode, the disadvantage is that the space is large
The difference between Utf8_unicode_ci and utf8_general_ci: Utf8_general_ci does not support extensions, it is only possible to compare characters individually. This means that the UTF8_GENERAL_CI proofing rules are relatively fast, but are less accurate than the proofing rules that use UTF8_UNICODE_CI. The difference between--utf8_unicode_ci and utf8_general_ci
UTF8MB4: Compatible with UTF8, and can represent more characters than UTF8. Look at the Unicode encoding area, from 1 to 126 belongs to the traditional UTF8 area, of course UTF8MB4 is also compatible with this area, 126 lines below is the UTF8MB4 expansion zone. --
Extended:
Deep MySQL Character set settings
MySQL garbled problem and utf8mb4 character set: garbled, emoji expression and utf8mb4, Character set modification method
MySQL utf8mb4 with emoji expression
What's the difference between utf8mb4 and UTF8?
MySQL character set settings shallow understanding