Four ways to configure Tomcat reverse proxy + load Balancer

Environment topology

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Environment Description:

	IP Address	Function description
Nginx or httpd	172.16.4.100	Proxy server, which distributes user requests to the back-end Tomcat server for reverse proxy and load balancing
Tomcat-01	172.16.4.101	The server on which the backend actually provides services
Tomcat-02	172.16.4.102	The server on which the backend actually provides services

The system environment is as follows:

[Email protected] ~]# Cat/etc/redhat-releasecentos release 6.6 (Final) [[email protected] ~]# uname-rm2.6.32-504.el6.x8 6_64 x86_64

This article has a total of four experiments:

1, using nginx Server to implement reverse proxy Tomcat and load balancing;

2. use httpd 's mod_proxy_http module to achieve Tomcat load Balancing;

3. use httpd 's mod_proxy_ajp module to achieve Tomcat load Balancing;

4, The use of httpd mod_jk module, to achieve the service balance Tomcat.

back-end Tomcat configuration

four types of anti-generational + load Balancing are used with this Tomcat deployment.

Tomcat-01Deployment

Installing the JDK

[Email protected] ~]# RPM-IVH jdk-7u67-linux-x64.rpm

Set environment variables for Java

[Email protected] ~]# vim/etc/profile.d/java.shexport java_home=/usr/java/latest #设置家目录export path= $JAVA _home/bin:$ PATH #设置命令路径 [[email protected] ~]#. /etc/profile.d/java.sh

use the-version output Java version number if it can output that means the Java Environment deployment OK

[[email protected] ~]# Java-versionjava version "1.7.0_67" Java (TM) SE Runtime Environment (BUILD1.7.0_67-B01) Java HOTSPO T (TM) 64-bit Server VM (build 24.65-b04,mixed mode)

install Tomcat and add an instance of the application

[[email protected] ~] #tar  xf apache-tomcat-8.0.23.tar.gz -c /usr/local/[[email  protected] ~] #cd  /usr/local/[[email protected] local]# ln -s  Apache-tomcat-8.0.23/tomcat[[email protected] local]# cd tomcat/[[email protected]  tomcat]# mkdir -p/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/testapp/{WEB-INF,classes,lib,META-INF}[[email  Protected] tomcat]# vim/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/testapp/index.jsp<%@ page language= " Java " %>
setting the Tomcat environment variable
[Email protected] tomcat]# Vim/etc/profile.d/tomcat.shexport Catalina_home=/usr/local/tomcatexport PATH= $CATALINA _ Home/bin: $PATH [[email protected] tomcat]#. /etc/profile.d/tomcat.sh
Setup Complete Start Service
[[email protected] tomcat]# catalina.sh start
access to the TestApp application is normal
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Tomcat-02Deployment
In addition to the test pages provided, the other setup procedures are the same
[[Email protected] tomcat]# vim/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/testapp/index.jsp<%@ page  language= "Java"  %>
Set complete access results as follows
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Nginx Reverse proxy + load balancer Tomcat
Installing Nginx
[[email protected] ~]# yum-y install Nginx
Start the service
[[Email protected] ~]# service Nginx start
access to Nginx can be accessed normally
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in the http field definition upstream, set the back-end Tomcat host and Port, and set the health state check
[Email protected] ~]# vim/etc/nginx/nginx.conf upstreamupservers {server172.16.4.101:8080 max_fails=2 fail_time      Out=1; server172.16.4.102:8080 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=1;}
forwarding Settings forward requests to Nginx to upstream
[Email protected] ~]# vim/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf location/{#root/usr/share/nginx/html;       Proxy_pass http://upservers/;    Index index.jsp index.htmlindex.htm; }

once set, the address of the Nginx server is accessed and the request is forwarded to the back-end Tomcat server for load Balancing
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Static and dynamic separation Setup method: Simply forward the JSP and do end files to the back-end Tomcat server
Location ~* \. (Jsp|do) $ {proxy_passhttp://tomcat_host:port;}
Set Nginx   After the setup is complete, remember to close nginx   Services, so as not to affect the following httpd  Test
based onhttpdImplementing a reverse proxy+Load Balancingbased onMod_proxyImplementing a reverse proxy+Load Balancing
Modify httpd Master Profile Logoff Center host
[Email protected] ~]# vim/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf#documentroot "/var/www/html"
Set up load balancing related information
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/mod_proxy.conf<proxy balancer:// tcsrvs>                    balancermember http://172.16.4.101:8080 loadfactor=1 balancermember http ://172.16.4.102:8080 loadfactor=1</proxy> namevirtualhost *:80 <virtualhost  *:80>  servernamewww.a.com  proxyvia on proxyrequests off  proxypreservehost on  <proxy*>    orderdeny,allow     allowfrom all </proxy>  proxypass/status !  proxypass / balancer://tcsrvs/ proxypassreverse / balancer://tcsrvs/ <location />      Orderdeny,allow     Allowfrom all </Location> </VirtualHost>
The service is started after the setting is complete, and the load balancing effect occurs when the httpd address is accessed
based onAjpprotocol for load Balancing
as long as you modify the protocol for accessing the backend server to AJP  , the port is 8009
 [[email protected]~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/mod_ proxy.conf<proxy balancer://tcsrvs> balancermember ajp://172.16.4.101:8009  loadfactor=1 balancermember ajp://172.16.4.102:8009 loadfactor=1</proxy>  namevirtualhost *:80 <virtualhost *:80>  servernamewww.a.com   proxyvia on proxyrequests off proxypreservehost on  <proxy*>     Orderdeny,allow    Allowfrom all </Proxy>   proxypass/status !  proxypass /balancer://tcsrvs/ proxypassreverse /  balancer://tcsrvs/ <location />     orderdeny,allow      allowfrom all </location></virtualhost> 
set to complete restart httpdto achieve load balancing effect
Set Status page
 [[email protected]~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/mod_proxy.conf<proxy balancer:// tcsrvs> balancermember ajp://172.16.4.101:8009 loadfactor=1 balancermember ajp:// 172.16.4.102:8009 loadfactor=1</proxy> namevirtualhost *:80 <virtualhost * :80>  servernamewww.a.com  proxyvia on  proxyrequests off  proxypreservehost on  <proxy*>    orderdeny,allow     allowfrom all </proxy>  proxypass/status !  proxypass/ balancer-manager !  proxypass /balancer://tcsrvs/ proxypassreverse /  balancer://tcsrvs/ <location />     orderdeny,allow      Allowfrom all </Location> <Location /balancer-manager>    sethandler balancer-manager&Nbsp;   proxypass!    orderdeny,allow    allowfrom  all </Location></VirtualHost>
Access Status page can be accessed normally
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based onMod_jkthe Load Balancer
compiling mod_jk- dependent httpd Development Packages
[Email protected] ~]# yum-y install Httpd-devel
compiling and installing MOD_JK
Tar XF tomcat-connectors-1.2.40-src.tar.gzcd tomcat-connectors-1.2.40-src/native/whereis apxs./configure-- With-apxs=/usr/sbin/apxsmake && make Install
Description: If you do not know the path to the Apxs file, you can use Whereis to find
[Email protected] native]# Whereis APXSAPXS:/usr/sbin/apxs/usr/share/man/man8/apxs.8.gz
The following tips are available when compiling
chmod 755/usr/lib64/httpd/modules/mod_jk.so
Configure load Balancing
set up tomcat routing information
[Email protected] ~]# vim/usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml <engine name= "Catalina" defaulthost= "localhost" Jvmroute= "Tomcata" >[[email protected] ~]# vim/usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml <engine name= "Catalina" defaulthost= "localhost" jvmroute= "TOMCATB" >
Modify the front-end httpd configuration file, set mod_jk related configuration
[email protected] conf.d]# cat Mod_jk.confloadmodule jk_modulemodules/mod_jk.so jkworkersfile/etc/httpd/conf.d/ Workers.propertiesjklogfilelogs/mod_jk.logjkloglevelinfojkmount/status! Jkmount/*tcsrvs #表示将请求转发到tcsrvs列表JkMount/status StatA
set up workers.propertiesto define load balancing related information
[email protected] conf.d]# cat Workers.propertiesworker.list=tcsrvs,stata #定义tcsrvs列表worker. Tomcatb.host=172.16.4.101worker. Tomcatb.port=8009worker. Tomcatb.type=ajp13worker. Tomcatb.lbfactor=1 #设置权重worker. Tomcata.host=172.16.4.102worker. Tomcata.port=8009worker. Tomcata.type=ajp13worker. Tomcata.lbfactor=1worker. STATA.TYPE=STATUSWORKER.TCSRVS.TYPE=LB #代理方式为lb, i.e. load Balancer WORKER.TCSRVS.BALANCE_WORKERS=TOMCATA,TOMCATB # Description The Tcsrvs list contains, Tomcata, and tomcatbworker.tcsrvs.sticky_session=0 #关闭基于session的绑定, otherwise it will remain anchored to a server if the value is set to 1, or if it is not set to open the bind
Load balancing capability with access testing
Access Status page is also normal

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Four ways to configure Tomcat reverse proxy + load Balancer