Getting Started with SPRING+JUNIT4 unit testing

(i). JUnit Introduction

JUnit is the most well-known unit testing framework in Java, and most Java development environments have integrated JUnit as a unit test tool. Good unit testing can greatly improve development efficiency and code quality.

Maven Imports JUnit, sprint-test, Json-path related test packages, and configures Maven-suerfire-plugin plug-ins, editing pom.xml

    <Dependencies>        <!--Test Unit -        <Dependency>            <groupId>Junit</groupId>            <Artifactid>Junit</Artifactid>            <version>4.12</version>            <Scope>Test</Scope>        </Dependency>        <Dependency>            <groupId>Org.springframework</groupId>            <Artifactid>Spring-test</Artifactid>            <version>4.3.10.RELEASE</version>            <Scope>Test</Scope>        </Dependency>        <!--JSON assertion Test -        <Dependency>            <groupId>Com.jayway.jsonpath</groupId>            <Artifactid>Json-path</Artifactid>            <version>2.4.0</version>            <Scope>Test</Scope>        </Dependency>    </Dependencies>    <Build>        <Plugins>            <!--Unit Test Plug-in -            <plugin>                <groupId>Org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>                <Artifactid>Maven-surefire-plugin</Artifactid>                <version>2.20</version>                <Dependencies>                    <Dependency>                        <groupId>Org.apache.maven.surefire</groupId>                        <Artifactid>Surefire-junit4</Artifactid>                        <version>2.20</version>                    </Dependency>                </Dependencies>                <Configuration>                    <!--whether to skip the test -                    <skiptests>False</skiptests>                    <!--Exclude Test Classes -                    <excludes>                        <Exclude>**/base*</Exclude>                    </excludes>                </Configuration>            </plugin>        </Plugins>    </Build>

(b). Service Layer Test Example

Create service layer test base class, new Baseservicetest.java

 //  Configure the test environment in spring  @RunWith ( Springjunit4classrunner. class  )  //  Specify Spring's profile path  @ContextConfiguration (locations = {"Classpath*:/spring/applicationcontext.xml") })  //  test class open transaction , the transaction manager needs to be specified, and when the default test is complete, the database operation automatically rolls back the  @Transactional (TransactionManager = "TransactionManager" )  //  Specifies that database operations are not rolled back , optional  @Rollback (value = false   public  class   Baseservicetest {}  

Test UserService class, new test class Userservicetest.java

 Public classUserservicetestextendsBaseservicetest {Private Static FinalLogger Logger = Loggerfactory.getlogger (userservicetest.class); @ResourcePrivateUserService UserService; @Test Public voidTestget () {Userdo Userdo= Userservice.get (1);        Assert.assertnotnull (Userdo);        Logger.info (Userdo.getusername ()); //Adding validation assertionsAssert.assertequals ("Testget Faield", "Google", Userdo.getusername ()); }}

(iii). Controller Layer Test Example

Create a controller layer test base class, new Basecontrollertest.java

//Configure the test environment in spring@RunWith (Springjunit4classrunner.class)//Specifies that the ApplicationContext used by the test environment is of type Webapplicationcontext//value specifies the root of the Web App@WebAppConfiguration (value = "Src/main/webapp")//specifying the Spring container hierarchy and configuration file path@ContextHierarchy ({@ContextConfiguration (name= "Parent", locations = {"Classpath*:/spring/applicationcontext.xml"}), @ContextConfiguration (name= "Child", locations = {"Classpath*:/spring/applicationcontext_mvc.xml"})})//The test class opens the transaction, requires the transaction manager to be specified, and the database operation is automatically rolled back after the default test is completed@Transactional (TransactionManager = "TransactionManager")//Specifies that database operations are not rolled back, optional@Rollback (value =false) Public classbasecontrollertest {}

Test Indexcontroller class, new test class Indexcontrollertest.java

 Public classIndexcontrollertestextendsBasecontrollertest {Private Static FinalLogger Logger = Loggerfactory.getlogger (userservicetest.class); //Inject Webapplicationcontext@ResourcePrivateWebapplicationcontext Webapplicationcontext; PrivateMockmvc Mockmvc; //Initialize the MOCKMVC, execute before each test method@Before Public voidSetup () { This. Mockmvc = Mockmvcbuilders.webappcontextsetup ( This. Webapplicationcontext). build (); } @Test Public voidTestindex ()throwsException {/*** Mockmvc.perform () executes a request * GET ("/server/get") constructs a request * Andexpect () Add Validation rule * Anddo () add A result handler * Andreturn () returns results after execution completes*/Mvcresult Result= Mockmvc.perform (Get ("/server/get"). param ("id", "1") . Andexpect (Mockmvcresultmatchers.status (). IsOk ()). Andexpect (Mockmvcresultmatchers.js Onpath ("$.username"). Value ("Google")) . Anddo (print ()). Andreturn ();        Logger.info (Result.getresponse (). getcontentasstring ()); //Adding validation assertionsAssert.assertnotnull (Result.getresponse (). getcontentasstring ()); }}

(iv). Performing unit Tests

The Engineering test directory structure is as follows, run the MVN Test command, automate the Maven-suerfire-plugin plugin

Execution results

(v). Beancreationnotallowedexception exception

Beancreationnotallowedexception exceptions may be thrown when executing test cases

[20:47:18,133 WARN] [Thread-3] (abstractapplicationcontext.java:994)-Exception thrown from applicationlistener handling ContextClosedEventorg.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationNotAllowedException:Error creating bean with Name '  Sessionfactory ': Singleton bean creation not allowed while singletons of this factory is in destruction (does not request a    Bean from a beanfactory in a destroy method implementation!) At Org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton ( defaultsingletonbeanregistry.java:216) at Org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean (abstractbeanfactory.java:302) at Org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean (abstractbeanfactory.java:202) at Org.springframework.context.event.AbstractApplicationEventMulticaster.retrieveApplicationListeners ( abstractapplicationeventmulticaster.java:235) at Org.springframework.context.event.AbstractApplicationEventMulticaster.getAPplicationlisteners (abstractapplicationeventmulticaster.java:192) at Org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.multicastEvent ( simpleapplicationeventmulticaster.java:128)

By injecting Defaultlifecycleprocessor solution, edit resources/spring/applicationcontext.xml

    <id= "Lifecycleprocessor"  class= " Org.springframework.context.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor ">        <  name = "Timeoutpershutdownphase" value = "10000" />    </ Bean >

Getting Started with SPRING+JUNIT4 unit testing