Introduction and configuration of Hyper-V for Windows Server

Reproduced from the spiritual Leap cloud: the original link

1. Introduction to Hyper-V

Hyper-V is Microsoft's virtualization solution that enables users to deploy and use virtual machines on a Windows system. The traditional Windows operating system is divided into the application layer and the kernel layer, the application runs in Ring 3, the operating system runs in ring 0. When Hyper-V is installed, hypervisor runs at a higher privileged level than traditional mode Ring-1, which is supported by the CPU and is capable of capturing and simulating the privileged operation of a virtual machine.

At the same time, the original host operating system and the virtual machine operating system run at the same privilege level, the host operating system is called the management operating system, the virtual machine is called the guest operating system. The management operating system runs a series of components for managing virtual machines (virtualization stack) for interacting with the underlying hypervisor to provide virtualization services, virtualization Stack specifically includes:

1) VSP (Virtualization Service Provider): Used to control the IO request of the virtual machine;

2) VMBus (virtual machine Bus): Used to achieve the management of the operating system and the customer operating system between the data communication, that is, VSP and virtual machines in the VSC (virtualization Service Client) communication;

3) VMMS (virtual machine Management Service): Provides the lifecycle management of virtual machines, including creating, opening, stopping, saving, and deleting virtual machines, together with worker threads in the management operating system (one worker thread per virtual machine);

4) VID (Virtual Infrastructure Driver): coordinates vmms with worker threads, manages the communication between the guest operating system and the management operating system.

2. Hyper-V Installation and configuration

Hyper-V relies on hardware virtualization technologies, such as Intel's Vt-x technology, while also requiring hardware to provide two-level address translation capabilities, such as Intel's Ept (Extended Page Tables) technology. To use RemoteFX technology, you also need a video card with a driver that supports DX 11.0 and WDDM 1.2 compatibility.

The leap cloud recommends using Windows Server 2016 deployment Hyper-V, because Window Server 2016 adds many new features, including device passthrough, network card hot-swap, nested virtualization, multi-queue networking, network QoS, Disk QoS, Windows containers, and more. Windows Server 2016 has essentials, standard, version datacenter, where the essentials version provides only the underlying IT services and is difficult to provide support for Hyper-V The standard version provides more Windows features and virtualization features, but the number of supported virtual machines is limited (typically two); Datacenter provides all the features and unlimited number of virtual machines. For trial testing only, you can request to download Windows Server via official https://www.microsoft.com/zh-cn/evalcenter/evaluate-Hyper-V-server-2016 2016 of the 180-day evaluation version. This test is also selected for this version.

After you obtain the Windows Server 2016 evaluation version, select the Datacenter Evaluation (Desktop Experience) version when you install the operating system. After the system installation is complete, open Server Manager, add the Hyper-V role, as shown in, through the Add roles and Features button, on the installation type, select Role-based or feature based installation, and on the server role, tick Hyper-V and install. Select the physical network card of the virtual Machine link network in the Virtual Switch interface, and the system will create a virtual switch. After the configuration is complete, the server needs to be restarted after the Hyper-V installation is complete.

After the system restarts, the server has been able to create virtual machines through Hyper-V, but to use the RemoteFX feature, the system also needs to install the Remote Desktop Virtualization host role and the driver for the video card. Open Server Manager, select role or feature-based installation on the installation type by using the Add roles and Features button, and select Remote Desktop Services from the server roles interface. After that, the Remote Desktop Virtualization Host (RDVH) role is selected in the pop-up role service interface of the Terminal Services, and the system needs to be restarted after the RDVH installation is complete.

After the Hyper-V configuration is complete, you also need to upload the mirror to instantiate the virtual machine. Hyper-V supports desktop systems above windows 7 SP1. This provides DirectX 11.0 support for Windows 8 and above for desktop systems, and OpenGL and OpenCL support for Windows 10 and Windows Server 2016. Shows what happens after you run the DirectX Diagnostic Tool DxDiag in a Windows 10 virtual machine.

Introduction and configuration of Hyper-V for Windows Server