Linux compression command (1) tar

There are many Linux compression commands. Here, let's talk about the tar command first. This command should be the most commonly used. How can this problem be solved. We will introduce the Linux compression command later to make it a series. A detailed example is provided to help you understand the situation.

[Root @ linux ~] # Tar [-cxtzjvfpPN] file and directory ....

Parameters:
-C: create a parameter command for the compressed file );
-X: Unlock the parameter command of a compressed file!
-T: view the files in the tarfile!
Note that c/x/t can only exist under the parameter! Cannot exist at the same time!
Because it is impossible to simultaneously compress and decompress.
-Z: does it have the gzip attribute at the same time? That is, do I need to use gzip for compression?
-J: Does it have bzip2 attributes at the same time? That is, do I need to use bzip2 for compression?
-V: The file is displayed during compression! This is common, but it is not recommended to use it in the background execution process!
-F: use the file name. Please note that the file name should be followed immediately after f! Do not add parameters!
For example, using "tar-zcvfP tfile sfile" is an incorrect method.
"Tar-zcvPf tfile sfile" is correct!
-P: the original property of the original file will not be changed based on the user)
-P: absolute paths can be used for compression!
-N: a new date (yyyy/mm/dd) will be packed into the new file!
-- Exclude FILE: do not pack the FILE during compression!

Example:
Example 1: package all the files in the/etc directory into/tmp/etc.tar
[Root @ linux ~] # Tar-cvf/tmp/etc.tar/etc <= package only, do not compress!
[Root @ linux ~] # Tar-zcvf/tmp/etc.tar.gz/etc <= compressed with gzip
[Root @ linux ~] # Tar-jcvf/tmp/etc.tar.bz2/etc <= compressed with bzip2
# Note that the file name after parameter f is obtained by ourselves. We use. tar for identification.
# If the z parameter is added, .tar.gz or. tgz is used to represent the tar file ~ compressed by gzip ~
# If you add the j parameter, use .tar.bz2 as the file name ~
# A warning message is displayed when the preceding command is executed:
# "Tar: Removing leading '/' from member names" is a special setting for absolute paths.
Example 2: Check the files in the above/tmp/etc.tar.gz file?
[Root @ linux ~] # Tar-ztvf/tmp/etc.tar.gz
# When we use gzip to compress the files in the tar file,
# Add the z parameter! This is important!

Example 3: Decompress the/tmp/etc.tar.gz file under/usr/local/src.
[Root @ linux ~] # Cd/usr/local/src
[Root @ linux src] # tar-zxvf/tmp/etc.tar.gz
# By default, We Can uncompress files anywhere! In this example,
# First, I will transform the working directory to the/usr/local/src directory, and unlock/tmp/etc.tar.gz,
# The unlocked directory will be in/usr/local/src/etc! In addition, if you enter/usr/local/src/etc
# The file attributes in this directory may be different from those in/etc!

Example 4: Under/tmp, I only want to unbind the etc/passwd in/tmp/etc.tar.gz.
[Root @ linux ~] # Cd/tmp
[Root @ linux tmp] # tar-zxvf/tmp/etc.tar.gz etc/passwd
# I can use tar-ztvf to check the file name in the tarfile. If you only need one file,
# You can issue it in this way! Notice! The root directory in etc.tar.gz/is removed!

Example 5: Back up all the files in/etc/and save their permissions!
[Root @ linux ~] # Tar-zxvpf/tmp/etc.tar.gz/etc
# This-p attribute is very important, especially when you want to keep the attributes of the original file!

Example 6: only new files in/home are backed up.
[Root @ linux ~] # Tar-N '2014/1/01'-zcvf home.tar.gz/home

Example 7: I want to back up/home,/etc, but not/home/dmtsai
[Root @ linux ~] # Tar -- exclude/home/dmtsai-zcvf myfile.tar.gz/home/*/etc

Example 8: package/etc/and unpack it under/tmp without generating a file!
[Root @ linux ~] # Cd/tmp
[Root @ linux tmp] # tar-cvf-/etc | tar-xvf-
# This action is a bit like cp-r/etc/tmp ~ It is still useful!
# Note that the output file is changed to-and the input file is changed to-, and there is another file | Yes ~
# This represents standard output, standard input, and pipeline commands respectively!
# This part will be explained again when we mention this command in Bash shell!

Linux compression and decompression commands this series is the first lecture.

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