Linux development history

First, because of the company and BSD long-lasting lawsuit, about 1990 years, BSD has basically cleared the system of UNIX code, so BSD class system called Unix-like system. About 1990 years, the BSD branch of the Jolitz plan to the BSD to the X86 machine (before Unix has been running on the Motorola production of CPUs), after its cooperation agencies to the need to commercialize the post-transplant system, resulting in 1991 the project was discontinued, 1992 years around and resumed, the plan called 386-bsd

In August 1991, Linus Torvalds announced the establishment of Linux, followed by the expansion and development of Linux, the following factors:

1. Following the GPL

2, 1990 years after the development of HTTP explosion, with the advantage of the Internet

3, Larry wall invented path, support code to be made in a patched manner, is the Internet joint development is possible

Second, UNIX and Linux is a hardware-based control program, responsible for driving the underlying hardware, as well as the functionality of the underlying hardware virtualization to provide programs, and monitor these programs

Key features of the Kernel kernel

1. Drive the underlying hardware

2. Abstract the underlying hardware resources into simple resources

3, the management of the operation of the program, the limited resources allocated to the program, and let the program between the non-impact

Full operating system =kernel + application

The narrow operating system =kernel

The full name of Linux should be gnu/liunx

Third, the interface of operation System:

1, Gui:graphis User Interface

GNome, C, GTK

KDE, C + +, QT

2, Cli:command line Interface

Bash

Zsh

...

3, Tui:text User Interface

The Operation System interface is also an application.

Any operation of a person on a computer is done through a process.

Occupy the interface to run, called the foreground

Not occupy the interface but can run, called backstage

Features of the operating system:

1. Drive the underlying hardware

2. Process Management

3. Security

4. Network Management

5. Memory Management

6. File System Management

......

Iv. APIs and ABI

Api:application Program Interface application interface. Programming interfaces that are primarily programmer-facing

Abi:application binary Interface The binary interface of the application. is mainly the interface that the program user faces

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One system application is not allowed to run on another operating system, mainly the ABI is not the same cause

Posix:portable operation system can always be the operating system (following IX is only used for identification), which is a system standard that complies with this standard of systems that can use generic software.

Encoding: Compiling the source code into binary format

V. Major releases of Linux

1. Debian is the only release that is not supported by a commercial company

Ubuntu, Knopix ...

2. SUSE

OpenSUSE

3, RedHat

RedHat Enterprise

Centos

Fedora Core

Version number naming rules:

Generally consists of four parts

First part: Major version number

Part II: Sub-version number (also called minor version number)

Part III: Stage version number

Part IV: Date version number plus Greek version number

System use principle is: Do not use the latest system, the latest features, the primary consideration of stability

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Linux development history