Linux file and directory processing commands

Ls-list Directory Contents

-A: Lists all files and directories in the current directory, including hidden files (infrequently used files)

-A: Lists all files and directories under the current directory, including hidden files, but not including. and.

-D: Lists only the current directory

-F: List directory contents directly, do not sort by default, sort by file name

-H: Displays the contents of the directory in MB,GB and needs to be used in conjunction with-l

-I: Lists the inode for each file

-L: List contents in long format

Cd-change Directory

~: Go to the user's home directory

-: Return to the directory where you entered this directory

Mkdir-make directories Create a directory that does not exist.

Common option-p recursively create a directory

[Email protected] ~]# ll/data1/

-rw-r--r--1 root root 15 May 5 02:40 1.html

[Email protected] ~]# mkdir-p/data1/cine/var/logs

[Email protected] ~]# ll/data1/cine/var/

Drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 05:02 logs

[Email protected] ~]# mkdir/data1/

mkdir: Unable to create directory "/data1/": File already exists

Rmdir-remove Empty Directories Delete a blank directory

[Email protected] ~]# rmdir/data1

RmDir: Delete "/data1" failed: directory not empty

Pwd-print Name of current/working directory view current directory or working directory

Touch-change file Timestamps Change the timestamp (file exists) and create the file if it does not exist

Mv-move (rename) files move or change file names

[Email protected] ~]# MV user.log/data1/#移动

[Email protected] ~]# ll/data1/

-rw-r--r--1 root root 0 May 03:19 user.log

[Email protected] data1]# mv User.log 1.log #更名

[email protected] data1]# LL

Drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 May 05:02 cine

[[email protected] data1]# mv-b/root/users.log./1.log # Common Options-B before overwriting for backup

MV: Do you want to overwrite "./1.log"? Y

[email protected] data1]# LL

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 427 November 06:24 1.log

-rw-r--r--1 root root 0 May 03:19 1.log~

[Email protected] data1]# mv-f/root/a.log./1.log #-F Direct override

You have mail in/var/spool/mail/root

[email protected] data1]# LL

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 591618 November 1.log

[[email protected] data1]# mv-i 1.html 1.log #-i Interactive query whether to overwrite

MV: Do you want to overwrite "1.log"?

Rename-rename files

Rename source string destination string required to change the file

[Email protected] data1]# Rename 1 user 1.*

[email protected] data1]# LL

-rw-r--r--1 root root 15 May 5 02:40 user.html

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 591618 November User.log

-rw-r--r--1 root root 0 May 03:19 user.log~

The rename supports wildcard wildcards regular expressions.

Basename-strip directory and suffix from filenames display file name and directory name

Dirname-strip non-directory suffix from file name to display the path to files or directories

[[Email PROTECTED]WW1 ~]# dirname NFS

.

[Email protected] ~]# Dirname/etc/init.d/nfs

/etc/init.d

Tree-list contents of directories in a tree-like format. Lists files and subdirectories in the specified directory in a tree-like structure

Common Options-L number Specifies the depth of the list tree

[Email protected] ~]# tree-l 1/

/

├──bin

├──root

├──sbin

├──tmp

├──usr

├──var

Rm-remove files or directories deleting a file or directory

Common options

-F ignores non-existent files, commonly used.

-R is often used to delete directories (including files and subdirectories in the directory), which is very dangerous.

[Email protected] var]# rm-f logs #删除一个目录会报错, not added-R

RM: Cannot delete "logs": is a directory

[[email protected] var]# RM-RF logs #加入-r delete directory and directory output.log.

[email protected] var]# LL

Total dosage 0

[Email protected] var]#

cp-copy files and directories copy file and directory

Common options

-A equals-pdr

-P is copied along with the file attributes

-D If the file is a linked file, copy the properties of the connection file

-R recursive replication, commonly used in directories

-I interactive query whether the target file is overwritten when it is present

[email protected] ~]# CP Output.log/data1/cine/var #只复制文件

[Email protected] ~]# ll/data1/cine/var/

Total Dosage 4

-rw-r--r--1 root root 48 May 16:12 Output.log

[Email protected] ~]# mkdir Yang #为复制目录做准备

You have mail in/var/spool/mail/root

[email protected] ~]# Touch yang/test.txt

[[email protected] ~]# CP Yang/data1/cine/var #复制目录, without-R

CP: Skip Directory "Yang"

[Email protected] ~]# ll/data1/cine/var/

Total Dosage 4

-rw-r--r--1 root root 48 May 16:12 Output.log

[Email protected] ~]# cp-r yang/data1/cine/var/#辅助目录, after adding-R

You have mail in/var/spool/mail/root

[Email protected] ~]# ll/data1/cine/var/

Total Dosage 8

-rw-r--r--1 root root 48 May 16:12 Output.log

Drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 16:14 Yang

[Email protected] ~]#

File-determine file type View files

[[Email protected] ~]# file Output.log

Output.log:utf-8 Unicode Text

[Email protected] ~]# File/etc/init.d/nfs

/etc/init.d/nfs:posix Shell Script Text executable

[Email protected] ~]# file/bin/

[Email protected] ~]# File/bin/cat

/bin/cat:elf 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for Gnu/linux 2.6.18 , stripped

Linux file and directory processing commands