Linux Learning Notes (1)

Source: Internet
Author: User

One, the Linux operating system is composed of four parts:

(They depend on the next layer, adjacent layers communicate with each other)
(1) Application:

The application interacts directly with the user, and it also contains a variety of different applications.

(2) Service system procedure:

It's actually one of the applications, but they're often seen as part of the operating system.
such as: Shell program, x Windows, kernel program interface, etc.

(3) Kernel:

Complete the connection and coordination between the above two applications and hardware.

(4) The underlying hardware:

The underlying hardware is the hardware device of the computer system

Second, shell command

 1.cat命令: 【1】直接使用cat命令,作用将输入的内容直接输入打印出来。 【2】cat +文件名:显示文件内容 【3】cat +文件1 文件2 >文件3 :文件1、2的内容复制到文件3. 【4】cat 文件1 >> 文件2 :文件1的内容复制到文件2中。 2.chmod命令: 【格式】:chmod 【许可模式】 【文件or目录】 【作用】:改变文件or目录的许可模式(权限) 例子:chmod 755 1.txt(改变1.txt文件的权限为755模式) ps: 许可模式:linux权限从左到右,第一位数字代表文件所有者的权限,第二位数字组代表了同组用户的权限,第三位数字代表其他用户的权限。 【1】读取的权限等于4,用r表示。 【2】写入的权限等于2.用w表示。 【3】执行的权限等于1.用x表示。 【4】0表示没有权限 ps:数字可以组合的 755: 第一位:7(4+2+1)(读取+写入+执行) 第二位:5(4+1)(读取+执行) 第三位:5(4+1)(读取+执行) 3.cp命令: 【格式】:cp 【源文件or目录】   【目的文件】 【作用】:拷贝文件or目录 【例子】:cp  /home/1.txt   /home/2.txt 4.file命令: 【格式】file 文件名 【作用】确定文件类型 返回:ASCII text 表示该文件是文本文件。 5.find 命令: 【格式】find 【路径】 【-type类型】【-name文件名】 类型可以使用字母来表示: f(文件)、d(目录)、l (链接) 【例子】:find /home  -type f -name ‘‘ *.jpg ‘‘

Linux Learning Notes (1)

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