Linux Learning notes----8

Install and update packages

1. RPM Package and Yum

Red Hat has developed the RPM Package Manager, which provides a standard way to package software for distribution. Red Hat is available in the form of RPM packages for Linux and all software provided.

Name: Name-version-release.architecture

Example: httpd-tools-2.4.6-7.e17.x86_64.rpm

Httpd-tools Name Description names content

Version number of the original software for 2.4.6 version

7.E17 release releases based on this version of the package

X86_64 Arch is a compiled package that can run under this processor architecture

Yum Package Manager

Linux can install, update, delete, and query rpm packages via the rpm command, but he cannot automatically parse dependencies, yum commands to search for packages and other dependencies in multiple repositories so that they can be installed together to mitigate dependency issues.

The main configuration file for Yum is/etc/yum.conf, and the other storage configuration files are located in the/ETC/YUM.REPOS.D directory.

The repository configuration file contains at least one repository ID (in square brackets), a name, and the URL location of the package repository. URL location can point to a local directory (file) or remote network share (HTTP and FTP, etc.)

Yum lists repositories

Yum Repolist

Yum Lists Packages

Yum List

Yum Lists package groups

Yum Grouplist

2. Manage software updates with Yum

Yum is a powerful command-line tool that can be used for more flexibility in managing packages.

Show installed and available packages example: Yum list ' http '

Search package based on keyword Yum Search all ' Web server '

Provides detailed information about the package Yum Info httpd

Displays the package that matches the specified path yum provides/var/www/html

Install packages (including dependencies) yum install httpd

Get and install the updated version of the package Yum Update httpd (Install all updates if not specified)

Remove installed packages Yum Remove httpd

3. Install and delete each group of software using Yum

Yum has a set of concepts, that is, a collection of related software that is installed together for a specific purpose.

In Red Hat 7, there are two types of groups: A general group is a package collection, and an environment group is a collection of other groups that contain their own software.

List the names of installed and available groups

Yum grouplist or Yum group list

List hidden groups Yum Group list hidden

Displaying information about a group Yum group info

Install a required and default package for a group and rely on Yum Group install

View transaction History Log

Logging of all installation and deletion transactions in/var/log/yum.log

Show Transaction History Yum Chronicle

4. Enable the Yum software repository

View all available repositories Yum repolist all

Enable and disable the repository via Yum-config-manager, which changes the Enable parameter in the/etc/yum.repo.d/redhat.repo file

Third party Store crying is a directory of package files provided by non-red hat sources and can be accessed by Yum from a network, FTP server, or local file system.

Place the file in the/etc/yum.repos.d/directory to enable support for the new third-party content library. The Content Library configuration file must end with a. Repo. The repository definition contains the URL and name of the repository, and also defines whether the package signature is checked with GPG.

If you know the URL that yum stores, you can create a configuration file from Yum-config-manager

Example:

Yum-config-manager--add-repo= "http://dl.fedorapro.ject.org/pub/epel/beta/7/x86_64/"

Too late to write, continue tomorrow, haha, work

Linux Learning notes----8