Linux Learning Record (i)

Introduction to 1.Linux 1.1. Overview of Linux

Linux is a UNIX-based open source free operating system, because the stability and security of the system almost become the best system environment for program code to run. Linux was originally developed by Linus Torvalds ( Linus Torvalds ), which has now spawned hundreds of different Linux systems due to the openness of the source code .

The application of Linux system is very extensive, not only can run our program code for a long time, but also can be installed in various computer hardware devices, such as mobile phone, tablet computer, router, etc. In particular, as mentioned here, we are familiar with the bottom of the Android program is running on the Linux system.

1.2. Linux categories (1) Linux is divided into two directions depending on the market demand:

1) graphical interface version: Focus on user experience, similar to Windows operating system, but the current lack of maturity

2) Server version: There is no good-looking interface, is to enter the command in the console window operating system, similar to DOS, is we assume the best choice of server

(2) Linux is based on its native level and is divided into two types:

1) kernel version: kernel team under the leadership of Linus development of maintenance system kernel version number

2) Release : Some organizations or companies have two development and re-released versions based on the kernel edition

(3) Linux distributions are different and can be divided into N multiple:

2, installation of Linux 2.1.installation of virtual machines

because Linux is also a system, in essence, the window of our computer is no different, so we have to learn Linux first to the windows of our computer system to replace the Linux system, or on our computer to install a dual system, it sounds terrible. In fact, we can install a software on our computer, this soft armor can simulate one or more virtual computer machines, this is the virtual machine

There are two common types of virtual converters:

VMware's virtual machine software, powerful, premium products

Vitrualbox Virtual machine software Oracle company virtual machine software, free merchandise

as the market VMware usage is high, so we install VMware

2.2. Installation of CentOS

CentOS is a Linux distribution, the main version of the current enterprise Application Server system, the installation of CentOS, in fact, the system is installed in the VMware virtual machine software, the VMware virtual machine software to simulate a Linux system computer.

3. Basic Linux commands

Server Edition of Linux installation is complete, but there is no graphical interface, we can only go through the console to the operating system, we will use a DOS command-like Linux command to go to the operating system, then we will be the Linux command to learn. Linux commands hundreds, courses can not be involved, there is no need one by one involved, according to our programmers in the daily work of the needs, summed up the following several for learning.

3.1.Directory Switching Commands

A graphical interface and mouse can be used in window to arbitrarily switch directories that need to be entered, but Linux must switch directories via the CD command. But before we learn the CD command, it is necessary to distinguish the directory structure of Linux

CD usr switch to this directory in usr directory

Cd.. / switch to the previous level directory

CD/ switch to the system root directory

CD ~ switch to user home directory

CD- switch to the previous directory

Linux Learning Record (i)