Linux O & M tool-Find command

Find command Summary

Real-time

Precision

Supports multiple search criteria

Traversing all the files in the specified directory to complete the search, the speed is relatively slow;

 

Find path search standard search for future processing operations

Search Path: the current directory by default

Search criteria: All files in the specified path by default

Processing operation: Display by default

 

Matching criteria

-Name 'filename': exact match of file names

Wildcard File Name:

*: Any character of any length

?

[]

-Iname 'filename': the file name is case insensitive when matching.

 

Instance:

Find./-name "*. conf"

Find./-iname "ACC. c" ignore case sensitivity!

Find.-perm 777

 

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-User USERNAME: search by owner

-Group GROUPNAME: search by group

 

-Uid UID: search by UID

-Gid GID: search by GID

 

-Nouser: Search for files with no owner

-Nogroup: Search for files without groups

 

Instance:

1. Find all the files whose owner is root and whose group is mail in the/var directory;

Find/var-user root-group mail

 

2. Search for files that do not belong to root, bin, or student under the/usr directory;

Find/usr-not-user root-a-not-user bin-a-not-user student

Find/usr-not \ (-user root-o-user bin-o-user student \)

 

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-Type

F: Common File

D: Directory

C: character device

B: Block devices

L: soft connection file

P: MPS queue File

S: set of characters

 

Instance:

Find/etc-type f

Find/etc-type d

Find ./! -Type d # search all types of files except directories in the current directory

 

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-Size [+ |-]

Indicates the file size. + indicates that the file size is greater than a certain number.-indicates that the file size is smaller than a certain number. c indicates that the Unit is byte. You can change c to k, M, G.

 

Instance:

Find./-size 0-exec rm {}\;

Find./-size 0 | xargs rm-f

Find.-size + 000000c # search for files with a length greater than 1 MB in the current directory

Find/home/apache-size 100c # find a file with a length of exactly 100 bytes in the/home/apache directory

Find.-size + 10 # search for files with more than 10 blocks in the current directory (one block equals 512 bytes)

 

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File status judgment

-Mtime: the content of the specified time file has been modified.

-Ctime: the permission of the specified time file has been modified.

-Atime: the specified time file has been read.

 

1. Find the document that has been modified three days ago.

Find/var/log/-mtime + 3-type f-print

 

2. Find the modified document within three days.

Find/var/log/-mtime-3-type f-print

 

3. Find the modified document in the last day.

Find/var/log/-mtime 3-type f-print

Or write as follows:

Find/var/log/-mtime + 2-mtime-4-type f-print

 

Note:

Access amin, modify mmin, and change the File status to cmin

Use amin, mmin, and cmin in minutes, and use atime, mtime, and ctime in days.

 

Find/logs-type f-mtime + 5-exec rm {}\; # find the files whose change time is earlier than 5 days in the/logs directory and delete them

Find/-mtime-5-print # find the file whose modification time is within 5 days in the system root directory

 

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-Mount: when searching for a file, it does not span the mount point of the file system. This is restricted to the current file system!

If this is not enough, we will not mention the instance!

 

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-Prune

Find/apps-path "/apps/bin"-prune-o-print # search for files in the/apps directory, but do not want to search for files in the/apps/bin directory. When using this command, either absolute path is preferred for each directory or corresponding to each directory, such as: find test/-path ". /test/a "-prune-o-print is incorrect.

 

-Depth: when searching for a file, first find the file in the current directory and then find it in its subdirectory.

-Maxdepth:

Find.-maxdepth 1-name fred # search in the current directory

Find.-maxdepth 2-name fred # search for the directory at the next level in the current directory

Find-mindepth 3-maxdepth 5-name passwd

[Root @ fb13/] # find.-maxdepth 3-name test

./B/test

./Usr/bin/test

./A/test

 

Find/project-maxdepth 2 \ (-path "/project/exapi/log"-o-path "/project/exapi/backup "\) -prune-o-print | grep "/project/exapi/" | xargs tar zcf/backup/exapi _ 'date when using f'.tar.gz

 

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Hybrid search:-a-o-not

Find/tmp-size + 0000000c-a-mtime + 2

Find/-user andy-o-user jack

Find/tmp-not-user zjqiu

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