Linux Package Management

Linux Package Management

1. Package classification

1) Source Package

Advantages:

· Open source, you can read and modify the original code

· Software features can be customized

· Software is compiled and installed, can be more suitable for your system, more efficient and stable

· Easy to uninstall

Disadvantages:

· Many installation steps, especially when installing large software, prone to spelling errors

· The compilation process takes a long time and is much slower than installing binary software

· Software installation error, novice difficult to solve

2) Binary installation package (RPM Package---> System default package)

Advantages:

· Easy to install, easy to install, upgrade, query and uninstall with just a few commands

· Installation speed is much larger than the source code block

Disadvantages:

· The source code is not visible

· Feature selection cannot be personalized

· Dependence

3) Script installation package

The script installation package is not actually another package, its nature is the source code and the binary installation package. Just the software developers put the installation steps into a script, so that users can implement one-click installation, but the essence of the package is the source package and binary package. Its advantages are simple and convenient, the disadvantage is the loss of personalized customization.

2.RPM package (on the installation CD)

1) RPM Package naming rules

　　　　

· Yum-plugin-fastestmirror for Software name

· 1.1.30 is the software version number

· 37 Number of versions published (odd for test version)

· El6 for the right Linux platform

· Noarch for supported hardware platforms

· RPM package is an extension

2) RPM Package dependency (Yum command)

· Tree-shaped dependency

· Ring dependent

· Module dependencies

3) package name and package full name

· When installing an operation, the first installation is installed with the full name of the package, and the use of the path is noted

· When you make a package query, you can use the package name to search for a file that is/var/lib/rpm

4) RPM Package Command (RPM-Option Pack name)

Options: I-info, v-mount process, H-Display progress, U-Update, E-offload, Q-Query,-all packages, P-no-install package, F-file, R-Dependency

Common combinations:

· Install command: RPM-IVH [package name] (into the package directory)

· Upgrade command: RPM-UVH [Package full NAME]

· Uninstall command: RPM-E [package name]

· Query command: RPM-QA [package name] (usually plus grep filtering)

· Query installed package information: RPM-QI [package name]

· Query for information about packages that are not installed: RPM-QIP [Package full NAME]

· Query related files installation location: RPM-QL [Package name],RPM-QLP [Package full NAME]

· Query which package the system file belongs to: RPM-QF [System file name] (can only query RPM package)

· Query the dependencies of RPM packages: RPM-QR [package name]

5) RPM Package default installation location (general position)

　　　　

6) RPM Check

Command: RPM-V package name Check package related files have been modified

7) Extract the individual files required in the RPM package (files are accidentally deleted)

Rpm2cpio Package Full Name | Cpio-idv. File absolute Path

Linux Package Management