Linux Package Management

RPM Package Management

Rpm

function: Manage rpm package safety loading and unloading

Grammar : rpm [ options ] package name

Mounting discs

Mount:mount Point/nt does not exist

[Email protected] ~]# mount/dev/sr0/mnt

Mount:block Device/dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only

[Email protected] ~]# ls/mnt

Centos_buildtag Isolinux rpm-gpg-key-centos-debug-6

EFI Packages rpm-gpg-key-centos-security-6

EULA release-notes-en-us.html rpm-gpg-key-centos-testing-6

GPL Repodata TRANS. TBL

Images rpm-gpg-key-centos-6

[Email protected] ~]# ls/mnt/packages/| Wc-l # wc-l count rows

3996

command rules for Linux packages

[Email protected] ~]# cd/mnt/packages/

[Email protected] packages]# lszsh-4.3.10-7.el6.x86_64.rpm

zsh-4.3.10-7.el6.x86_64.rpm

Zsh-4.3.10-4.1

Software name    Major Version number    Minor version number revision release(first release version)

x86 _64

number of system bits supported by the CPU Architecture System Platform

installing rpm Packages

[Email protected] packages]# rpm-ivh/mnt/packages/lrzsz-0.12.20-27.1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Warning:/mnt/packages/lrzsz-0.12.20-27.1.el6.x86_64.rpm:header V3 rsa/sha256signature, key ID C105b9de:nokey

Preparing ... ########################################### [100%]

packagelrzsz-0.12.20-27.1.el6.x86_64 is already installed the system is loaded with this package.

[Email protected] packages]# rpm-ivh/mnt/packages/zsh-4.3.10-7.el6.x86_64.rpm

Warning:/mnt/packages/zsh-4.3.10-7.el6.x86_64.rpm:header V3 rsa/sha1 Signature, key Idc105b9de:nokey

Preparing ... ###########################################[100%]

1:zsh ########################################### [100%]

RPM--HELP

-I install InstallPackage

-v verbose verbose provide moredetailed output

-H hash Print hash marks as packageinstalls printing hash mark number on installation #

Just remember these few options. These options are used by default when installing

during installation To resolve dependencies:

installing the MySQL database

[Email protected] packages]# rpm-ivh/mnt/packages/mysql-server-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Warning:/mnt/packages/mysql-server-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64.rpm:header V3 rsa/sha1 Signature, key ID C105b9de:nokey

error:failed dependencies:

MySQL = 5.1.71-1.el6 is needed by mysql-server-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64

Perl (DBI) is needed by mysql-server-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64

Perl-dbd-mysql is needed by mysql-server-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64

PERL-DBI is needed by mysql-server-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64

[Email protected] packages]# ls*perl-dbd-mysq*

perl-dbd-mysql-4.013-3.el6.x86_64.rpm

If you do not find the can be find some key words as

*dbd* *perl-dbd*

Method 2 on the rpm package related website to find

http://rpm.pbone.net/

http://rpmfind.net/

Http://www.rpmseek.com/index.html

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forced installation :( rarely used ) does not resolve dependencies Direct Installation

[Email protected] packages]# RPM-IVH--nodeps/mnt/packages/mysql-server-5.1.71-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

RPM Query function:

[Email protected] packages]# rpm-ivh/mnt/packages/zsh-4.3.10-7.el6.x86_64.rpm

[Email protected] packages]# Cat/etc/shells

/bin/sh

/bin/bash

/sbin/nologin

/bin/dash

/bin/tcsh

/bin/csh

/bin/zsh

What is zsh?

Zsh is a shell height-compatible bash under UNIX systems

Rpm-q zsh (check if zsh software is installed) If it is listed, it will be installed.

[Email protected] packages]# rpm-q zsh

Zsh-4.3.10-7.el6.x86_64

installing software with Yum

Yum automatically resolves dependencies and automatically downloads packages. Based on c/s mechanism.

S:

the directory where the root of the disc is directly used (/media/xxx or /mnt)

C: Configure the Yum source configuration file

[Email protected] ~]# Cat/etc/yum.repos.d/test.repo

[Name] # is used to differentiate between different Yum package libraries, where multiple yum sources are named to be unique

Name=test # used to describe the package library arbitrarily

Baseurl=file:///mnt ( the directory where repodata resides)#Repodata is used to resolve yum dependencies. If the network Yum source is also assigned to the directory where the Repodata directory is located

#baseurl =http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/6.7/os/x86_64/

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Enabled=1 # default = 1 means enable this yum source

Gpgcheck=0 # 1 use public key to verify rpm correctness 0 not detected

Gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/rpm-gpg-key-redhat-release

Yum use

1 Mount Mount

Mount/dev/sr0/mnt

2 Yum Clean all clears the local cache

Yum list List of packages that can be installed

3 yum Install zsh # installation

Yum Grouplist

[Email protected]~]# Yum grouplist | grep dev*

Additional Development

Debugging Tools

Desktop

Desktop Debugging and Performance Tools

Desktop Platform

Generalpurpose Desktop

Desktop Platform Development

Development tools

KDE Desktop

Remote Desktop Clients

Server Platform Development

[[email protected] ~]# yum Groupinstall "Development tools" # Linux space represents the delimiter to use "" to represent a whole Linux Single quotation marks all strings in the original output are not translated. Double quotes will explain the meaning of special characters

Yum Query

[email protected] ~]# Yum Search zsh

Loaded Plugins:fastestmirror,refresh-packagekit, security

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

=============================== n/smatched:zsh ===============================

Python-twisted-core-zsh.x86_64:tabcompletion for zsh and twisted core

Zsh-html.x86_64:zsh Shell Manual in Htmlformat

Zsh.x86_64:a Powerful Interactive shell

[[email protected] ~]# rpm-qpi/mnt/packages/zsh-4.3.10-7.el6.x86_64.rpm View the role of a package

# Unused packets -PQI installed with -qi

Yum Delete

Yum Remove zsh

[Email protected] ~]# rpm-q zsh

Package zsh are not installed

do not interactively install -y

Yum Install-y zsh

Source Code Compilation installation package

Prerequisites: system must be installed: Development tools Development Library.

Steps:

1 getting the source package

2 Decompression

TAR-ZXVF/-JXVF

3 Configuring The detection installation environment

./configure # Check if the installation environment meets your needs, and if no problem, generate the Makefile file

4 Compiling

make (reads the Makefile file at compile time )

5 Installation

Make install

6 Delete

Make Uninstall

[Email protected] ~]# tar-jxvfextundelete-0.2.4.tar.bz2

[Email protected] ~]# CD extundelete-0.2.4

[Email protected] Extundelete-0.2.4]#./configure

Configuring Extundelete 0.2.4

Configure:error:Can ' t find ext2fs Library

[email protected] packages]# Yum search *2fs*

Loaded Plugins:fastestmirror,refresh-packagekit, security

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

Warning:no matches found for:e2fsprogs-1.41.12-18.el6.x86_64.rpm

Warning:no matches found for:e2fsprogs-devel-1.41.12-18.el6.i686.rpm

Warning:no matches found for:e2fsprogs-devel-1.41.12-18.el6.x86_64.rpm

Warning:no matches found for:e2fsprogs-libs-1.41.12-18.el6.i686.rpm

Warning:no matches found for:e2fsprogs-libs-1.41.12-18.el6.x86_64.rpm

[Email protected] packages]# rpm-ivhe2fsprogs-devel-1.41.12-18.el6.x86_64.rpm

[Email protected]]# rpm-ivh e2fsprogs-libs-1.41.12-18.el6.x86_64.rpm

D

[Email protected] extundelete-0.2.4]# ./configure

[[email protected] extundelete-0.2.4]# make

[[email protected] extundelete-0.2.4]# make install

Delete

[Email protected] extundelete-0.2.4]# pwd

/root/extundelete-0.2.4

[Email protected] extundelete-0.2.4]# Makeuninstall

sometimes afraid to delete dirty Add a --prefix parameter to the Configure step during installation . When you delete or back up, you can do this directly on the directory.

[[email protected] extundelete-0.2.4]# Makeclean Empty the file generated at the last compilation

[[email protected] extundelete-0.2.4]#./configure--prefix=/usr/local/extundelete Specify the installation path

[[email protected] extundelete-0.2.4]# make&& make install

[Email protected] ~]# cd/usr/local/

[[email protected] local]# RM-RF extundelete/ so it's clean .

Software Installation Method Features

Rpm+yum: Convenient , low software version. Good stability, management convenience performance slightly worse

Manual: Trouble, software version new. The stability is slightly poor, the management is slightly poor. Good performance

This article is from the "Linux small z" blog, please be sure to keep this source http://3179394.blog.51cto.com/3169394/1767978

Linux Package Management