Linux Starter Learning-windows using VMS to install Linux

Getting Started with Linux Basics ( system installation ) Virtual Machine Steps 1. Introduction to Creating Virtual operations

Files --

New virtual machine --->

Custom -( advanced ) -

Hardware compatibility Choose the highest possible --->

I'll install the os later--

Select the prepared installation disc- -

virtual machine naming and configuration configuration file storage paths -

Depending on your host hardware , decide how many cores to allocate to the virtual machine

Determine how much physical memory is allocated to the virtual machine based on its host hardware--

Choose the network connection method, the recommended choice is after the bridge or the host mode--

Select the I/O interface to configure the device interface --

Select the disk type and select the storage mode for the virtual disk File--

Then check your configured network, choose a good system ISO file, select Start Connection--

Then we'll start installing our virtual machines- -

2. Client Steps

Press ctrl+g to Enter the virtual system interface

Click on the virtual machine to enter the system installation interface

In general, do not choose test to detect the ISO Optical Drive, do the virtual experiment can be used on the line

Basically choose a corresponding time zone, it is best not to point time UTC synchronization

System installation Select New Installation, partition select Custom layout

Finally, choose a good partition.

Because the virtual Disk is 20G, select 4 Partitions First

Partition mount site file system partition size

/ Boot Ext4 200Mib

/ ext4102400Mib

Swap Swap 512Mib

/testdir ext420240Mib

Note: You will find that /tesdir will become an extended partition due to the partitioning architecture of the MBR installation , which is determined by the

3 primary partitions and 1 logical Partitions or 4 primary Partitions

Select the required package installation type, here I choose Mini Desktop

Then the system boots the default next

Administrator root user set the password on the line , Ordinary users do not create

Note: You can also choose between ctrl+alt+f2~f6 to switch between different interfaces during the installation of the progress bar

F2: Command prompt F6: Graphical Installation Interface

Like Doug F2 . view memory and disk size in the command prompt

Cat/proc/meminfo--- view memory consumption

Note that there can be a lot of content, you can use shift+ PageUp | PageDown button to page up and down to view

DF-LH--- view a list of partitions just divided

After the installation is complete, click Restart to select the following common settings

Switch between Ctrl+alt+f1~f6 because it is a graphical installation, so F1 is X11 ( graphical interface )

Login name Select Other user , enter root and password login to enter the system

You can also choose ctrl+alt+f2~f6 to open a character interface

Login:root

PASSWD: * * * *

View the currently logged in user under terminal

WHOAMI-- user name for this terminal login

W-- Displays all logged-in users and terminals

Who-- displays a list of all logged-in endpoints and users

TTY -- Displays the terminal number of the current location

Graphical interface for later experimental convenience, you can set the graphical interface users do not allow password automatic login

You can use the gedit tool to modify a configuration file

Open terminal, enter command :

Gedit/etc/gdm/custom.conf

Add a Node

[Deamon]

Automaticloginenable=true---- Indicates whether automatic logon is enabled True or False

Automaticlogin=root ---- represents the user name that is logged into the graphical interface

Then exit the input command

Reboot--Rebooting the system

You will then find that you do not need to enter your account and password to enter the graphical interface

If you want to share Windows files with Linux , you can install the vmtools tool

3, Vmtools installation encountered problems

Vmtools ISO file in D:\Program files (x86) \VMware\VMware Workstation\linux.iso

Click on VM to install vmtools

DF Viewing mount points

CD mount point Directory

CP vm***.tar.gz/testdir Copying tool compressed files to a temporary directory

Cd/testdir Switch to temp directory

ls Check the list of files generated in the directory to see if the replication was successful

Tar xvf vmwaretools-*******.tar.gz unzip the file to produce a vm folder

CD vmware-tools-distrib/ switch to this directory

ls Look at the list of files generated in the directory and look for the . pl installation files

./vmware-install.pl-d----- Install by default Yes

Then you can drag and drop files to the Linux GUI directly under the Windows interface.

Init 3

Init 5

Fix vmtools First install interrupt install again :

Rm-f/etc/vmtools****/local--- deleting A record of installing a VM before

Doing it again is the action above

directory structure of Linux

/boot: system boot related files, such as kernel,initrd, and Grub (bootloader)

/dev: device files

Device files:

Block devices: Random access, data blocks

Character Devices: Linear access, by character

Device number: Main device number (major) and secondary device number (minor)

/etc: Configuration file

Home directory for users, the home directory of each user is usually the default of /home/username

/root: Administrator's home directory;

/lib: library file

Static library ,. A

Dynamic library, . dll,. So (Shared object)

/lib/modules: kernel module Files

/media: Mount point directory, mobile device

/mnt: Mount point directory, additional temporary file system

/OPT: Optional directory, installation directory for third-party programs

/proc: Pseudo file system, kernel mapping file

/sys: Pseudo file system, property mapping file related to hardware device

/tmp: Temp file ,/var/tmp

/var: a variable file

/bin: executable file , user command

/sbin: Managing Commands

This article is from the "Excalibur Trunks-kun" blog, please be sure to keep this source http://10095198.blog.51cto.com/10085198/1829391

Linux Starter Learning-windows using VMS to install Linux