Linux system service and Management (services)---------first day

Overview of Virtualization

? Virtualization Resource Management

–x a physical resource--y logical resource

– Degree of implementation: full, partial, hardware-assisted (CPU)

Create a new virtual machine manually:?

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Virtual machine Name: Example

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Network type selection: private1

? Using the Virt-manager Client tool

To operate on a real machine:

? View KVM Node (server) Information

? –virsh NodeInfo

? List virtual machines

? –virsh list [--all]

? View information for a specified virtual machine

? –virsh Dominfo Virtual machine name

? Set the specified virtual machine to run automatically

? –virsh autostart [--disable] Virtual machine name

? Run | restart | Close the specified virtual machine

? –virsh Start|reboot|shutdown Virtual machine name

? Force shutdown of the specified virtual machine

? –virsh Destroy virtual machine name

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Setting up local yum in virtual machine example

1. Mount the disc

[Email protected] ~]# Mount/dev/cdrom/dvd

2. Client Files

[Email protected] ~]# Cat/etc/yum.repos.d/dvd.repo?

[DVD]

Name=dvd

Baseurl=file:///dvd

Enabled=1

Gpgcheck=0

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? Using preset groupings for the RHEL7 software warehouse

–yum Groups list [hidden] [group name] ...

–yum groups Info [group name] ...

–yum groups install [group name] ...

–yum groups Remove [group name] ...

[email protected] ~]# yum groups install?

? Virtualization\ Client??

? virtualization\ Hypervisor?

? Virtualization\ Platform??

? virtualization\ Tools?

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? Desktop icons

/usr/share/applications/

?? Right-click-----icon---------> Copy to---------->home-------> Desktop

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Start the LIBVIRTD service side

? ?? LIBVIRTD providing a service interface for managing virtual machines

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? In Linux, the KVM virtual machine consists of:??

? – an XML configuration file (virtual machine description file): Defines the name, UUID, CPU, internal

Various parameter settings such as storage, virtual disk, network card, etc.

? ? ? /etc/libvirt/qemu/*.xml

? – Disk image file: Saves the virtual machine's operating system and document data,

The mirror path depends on the definition in the XML configuration file

? ? ? /var/lib/libvirt/images/

[[Email protected] Desktop]# ls/etc/libvirt/qemu/

[[Email protected] Desktop]# ls/var/lib/libvirt/images/

[[Email protected] Desktop]# du-sh/var/lib/libvirt/images/

?

? Details: template Virtual Machine example, note delete Channel device

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Create a new virtual machine by example a virtual machine

1. Turn off the example virtual machine

[Email protected] Desktop]# Virsh Destroy example

2. Copying a copy of the disk file via example virtual machine

[[Email protected] Desktop]# cd/var/lib/libvirt/images/

[Email protected] images]# qemu-img info example.qcow2?

[email protected] images]# CP example.qcow2 Test01.qcow2?

3. Copy the virtual machine description file via example virtual machine

[Email protected] images]# cd/etc/libvirt/qemu/

[[email protected] qemu]# ls

[email protected] qemu]# CP example.xml Test01.xml

[Email protected] qemu]# vim test01.xml?

?? virtual machine name, UUID, virtual machine disk file, Nic Mac

[Email protected] qemu]# Uuidgen

4. Import new virtual machine information

# Virsh Define/etc/libvirt/qemu/test01.xml?? #导入虚拟机信息

# Virsh List--all

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Exporting an XML configuration file

? – View: Virsh dumpxml Virtual machine name

? – Backup: Virsh dumpxml virtual machine name > virtual machine name. xml

Adjusting the configuration of a virtual machine

?? – Editor: Virsh? Edit? Virtual machine Name

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? Cow copy on write, quickly rebuild virtual machine

1. Virtual machine disk files, fast generation

? Copy on write, copying on write

? – Direct mapping of the data contents of the original disk

? – When the old data of the original disk has been modified, the old data is automatically stored

Into the front-end disk

? – Modifications to the front-end disk are not written back to the original disk

2.qemu-img specifying the original disk via the-B option multiplexing

–qemu-img create-f qcow2-b? Original disk??? front panel

1. Turn off the virtual machine

[Email protected]/]# Virsh Destroy example

2. Creating a front-end disk

# qemu-img create-f qcow2-b/var/lib/libvirt/images/example.qcow2? /var/lib/libvirt/images/test02.qcow2

3. Generate a new virtual machine profile

[Email protected]/]# cd/etc/libvirt/qemu/?

[email protected] qemu]# CP example.xml Test02.xml

[Email protected] qemu]# vim test02.xml?

?? virtual machine name, UUID, virtual machine disk file, Nic Mac

[Email protected] qemu]# Uuidgen

4. Import new virtual machine information

# Virsh Define/etc/libvirt/qemu/test02.xml?? #导入虚拟机信息

# Virsh List--all

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? Offline access to virtual machines

? Using the Guestmount tool

– Supports offline mounting of raw, QCOW2 format virtual machine disks

– You can modify the document on disk directly in the case of a virtual machine

– Easy to customize, repair, and script maintenance for virtual machines

# guestmount-a/var/lib/libvirt/images/example.qcow2-i/mnt/

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1) Production environment can be labeled/.unconfigured, convenient for new virtual machines

Configuration (equivalent to factory settings, prompting user initialization)

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Building a new teaching environment

1. Generate two virtual machines in the real machine

[[Email protected] Desktop]# CLONE-VM7?

Enter VM Number:8

[[Email protected] Desktop]# CLONE-VM7?

Enter VM Number:9

2. Modify the virtual machine name, one a? Another b

? Virtual Machine A:

? ? Host Name: svr7.tedu.cn

? IP Address: 192.168.4.7/24

? Virtual Machine B:

? ? Host Name: pc207.tedu.cn

? IP Address: 192.168.4.207/24

Construction of 3.Yum Warehouse

? ?

??? Real machine? Yum server, Web shared disc all content

[[Email protected] Desktop]# mkdir?/var/www/html/rhel7

[[Email protected] Desktop]# ls?/var/www/html/rhel7

[Email protected] Desktop]# mount/iso/rhel-server-7.2-x86_64-dvd.iso??/var/www/html/rhel7

[[Email protected] Desktop]# ls?/var/www/html/rhel7

[[Email protected] Desktop]# Firefox? 127.0.0.1/rhel7

[[Email protected] Desktop]# Vim/etc/fstab?

/iso/rhel-server-7.2-x86_64-dvd.iso? /var/www/html/rhel7 iso9660? defaults 0? 0

[[Email protected] Desktop]# umount/var/www/html/rhel7/

[[Email protected] Desktop]# ls/var/www/html/rhel7/

[[Email protected] Desktop]# mount-a

[[Email protected] Desktop]# ls/var/www/html/rhel7/

??? Client: Virtual machine a vs. virtual machine B

? virtual Machine A

? [Email protected] ~]# Vim/etc/yum.repos.d/dvd.repo

? [DVD]

? name=dvd

? baseurl=http://192.168.4.254/rhel7

? enabled=1

? gpgcheck=0

? [email protected] ~]# Yum repolist

? With remote copy data, between different hosts of the network

? SCP local path?? username @ Each other's IP address: The path of the other party

? SCP/etc/yum.repos.d/dvd.repo [Email PROTECTED]:/ETC/YUM.REPOS.D

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? virtual Machine A

? virtual Machine B

Linux system service and Management (services)---------first day