Network | Protocol stack

Internet Protocol stack Internet Protocol stack:

Application Layers Application layer, transport Layer Transport layer, network layer, link layer data link layers, physical layer physical layers

7-layer ISO OSI Reference Model:

Application layer, Presentation layer presentation layers, session layer, Transport layer, network layer, link layer, physical layer

Layer 7 Application layer (application layer)

The application layer is able to communicate with the application interface to achieve the intended purpose of presentation to the user. In this common protocol are : HTTP,HTTPS,FTP,TELNET,SSH ,SMTP,POP3 , and so on.

such as: DNS, FTP, HTTP, DHCP, SMTP, Telnet;

Layer 6 Presentation layers (Presentation layer)

The presentation layer can provide data and information for different clients in the syntax of the conversion code, so that the system can interpret the correct data. At the same time, can also provide compression decompression, encryption and decryption.

such as: MIME, SSL;

Layer 5 Session layer

The meeting layer is used to develop communication methods for both sides of the communication and to create and unregister sessions (both parties communicate).

such as: Sockets, PPTP;

Layer 4 Transport Layer (Transport layer)

The transport layer is used to control data traffic and debug and error-handling to ensure smooth communication. The transport layer of the transmitting end will add serial numbers to the packet, so that the receiving side can reorganize the packet into useful data or files.

such as: TCP, UDP;

Layer 3 Network layer

The role of the network layer is to determine how the sender's data is transmitted to the receiver. This layer determines the optimal path for node X to Node Y by considering network congestion, quality of service, sending priority, and the cost of each route . Our well-known routers work at this level, and the network becomes interconnected through constant reception and transmission of data.

such as: IP, IPsec, ICMP, IGMP, OSPF, RIP;

Layer 2 Data link layer

First, the function of the data link layer is to manage the first layer of bit data and transfer the correct data to the route without transmission errors. The creation and identification of the data start and exit locations are marked at the same time. In addition, it deals with the problem of data corruption, loss, or even repeated transmission errors, so that subsequent hierarchies are unaffected, so it runs debugging, retransmission, or remediation of data, and determines when the device is transferred. Devices are: bridge bridging switch switches

such as: Ppp,slip;

Layer 1 Physical layer (physical layer)

The physical layer defines the specifications for all electronic and physical devices. In particular, the relationship between equipment and physical media is defined.