Network Communication Bridge-network protocol X-File (2)

Internet friends should be very familiar with what is an IP address, whether it is set to log on to the Internet, or LAN Settings, more or less access to the IP address. In fact, IP itself is a network protocol, and currently we commonly use IP protocol strictly speaking as IPv4. The following describes the IP, IPv6, TCP, and TCP/IP protocols.

IP protocol

Description: Internet Protocol (Internet Protocol) is used to separate IP addresses, route selection, and IP data packets. Generally, the IP address can be understood as an IP address that complies with the IP protocol. Currently, our commonly used IP protocol is the fourth version of the ipprotocol, namely IPv4, which is the most basic protocol on the Internet. It was defined in RFC 1981 in 791.

Application: IPv4 uses a 32-bit address, which is usually represented by four decimal digits separated by dots, such as 192.168.0.1. Currently, IPv4 supports a maximum of 4294967296 (32 to the power of 2) addresses to connect to the Internet. With the rapid development of the Internet, the demand for IP addresses is growing, and there will be a crisis of use in the next few years.

IPv6 protocol

Note: Internet Protocol Version 6 is the Version 6.0 of the IP Protocol, also known as the next-generation Internet Protocol. IPv6 is an Internet Engineering Task Group (IETF) A new IP protocol designed to replace the current IPv4 protocol. IPv6 and IPv4 work roughly the same way. The purpose of development is to relieve the pressure on IPv4 address space. In addition, it also makes up for some IPv4 protocol problems, this includes end-to-end IP connection, service quality (QoS), security, scalability, and plug-and-play.

Application:

1. Install IPv6

IPv6 uses a 128-bit address. In theory, it can provide a 128-power address of 2. To install IPv6 in Windows XP, you can choose "Start> Run", enter "cmd" and press enter to open the "command prompt" window, and then type: ipv6 install (), press enter to install IPv6.

2. Configure IPv6

In the "command prompt" window, enter ipv6 if and press enter to obtain the interface index. You can use this interface to add the received address. Type: ipv6 adu [InterfaceIndex]/[Address], where InterfaceIndex indicates the interface number of the interface, and Address indicates the IPv6 Address. In addition, you can also use the ping6 command to test IPv6 Configuration and connection. For specific command usage, you can add /? See related help files.

TCP protocol

Note: The Transmission Control Protocol (Transfer Control Protocol) is used to establish a virtual connection between hosts for High-reliability Packet Exchange.

Application: the IP protocol we introduced above can split and assemble IP data packets, but the IP protocol does not clearly know whether packets are successfully sent to the target computer. The use of TCP protocol is different. In this Protocol Transmission Mode, after the packet is successfully sent to the target computer, TCP requires a confirmation. If no confirmation is received within a certain time limit, TCP resends the data packet. In addition, TCP can recover unordered, lost, and damaged data packets during transmission.

TCP/IP protocol

Note: The TCP/IP protocol is actually a combination of TCP and IP protocols, that is, the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, which is widely used on the Internet, it is mainly used for reliable network communication between computers installed with different hardware and different operating systems. Among them, the TCP protocol can ensure the reliability of data packet transmission; the IP protocol can ensure that data packets can be transmitted to the target computer. In addition to the TCP and IP protocols, the TCP/IP protocol combination also includes FTP, Telnet, SMTP, and other protocols.

Application: Currently, almost all network communication devices and Operating Systems Support the TCP/IP protocol.