5. Network Operating System
1.) network operating system definition
- A computer network can be defined as a set of interconnected autonomous computer systems. A computer has independent processing capabilities, while a computer can communicate and cooperate with each other.
- The computer network can be divided into Wan (Wide Area Network), LAN (local area network), man and so on according to the geographic range covered by the network.
- The network operating system is defined:The network operating system enables computers on the network to conveniently communicate over the network.,Effectively share network resources and provide network users with a collection of software and relevant procedures for various services.
2) network OS functions:
- Efficient and reliable network communication
- Effective management of resources shared in the network (hard disks and printers in the LAN)
- Provides services such as email, file transmission, shared hard disk, and printer.
- Network Security Management
- Provide interoperability
3) network OS Client/Server C/S (Client/Server) Mode
The customer/Server mode C/S is a popular network mode, which can be divided into the following two categories:
- Server: it is the control center of the network, and its task is to provide one or more services to the customer. The server can have multiple types, such as file servers that provide file/print services.
- Customer: this is the site for local processing and access to the server. The customer contains local processing software and software interfaces for accessing service programs on the server.
4) Features of Modern Operating Systems-internal network
- The modern operating system has included network functions in the kernel of the operating system as an integral part of the core functions of the operating system. From Windows 2000, AT & T's UNIX System V, sun's SunOS, HP's HP/Ox, IBM's Aix, Linux, and so on all have included TCP/IP network functions in the kernel..
- Windows 2000 uses the network function as part of the input/output (I/O) system of the execution body of the system. Windows NT's I/O system consists of five parts: input/output (I/O) hypervisor, file system, Buffer Storage Management System, device driver, and network driver.
6. Distributed Operating System
1) distributed operating system definition
A Distributed Computer System is a computer system that connects multiple scattered computers through an interconnected network for distributed processing and collaborative tasks. A Distributed Operating System is an operating system configured on it.A distributed operating system can directly allocate and manage various types of resources in the system, effectively control and coordinate the parallel execution of various tasks, and allow the processing units in the system to have no primary or secondary knowledge, A software set that provides unified and effective interfaces to the System.
It is based on two environments: a multi-processor (CPU) system or a multi-computer system (network ).Is a more advanced form of the network operating system, it maintains all the functions of the network operating system.
2) differences between a distributed operating system and a network operating system
Processing distribution is the most basic feature of a distributed operating system. Although the network operating system hasDistribution ProcessingBut most of the network control functions are concentrated on a host or server,Distributed Systems are distributed in terms of resources, functions, tasks, and control..
The distributed operating system is responsible for system-wide resource allocation and scheduling, task division, and information transmission coordination. It also provides users with a unified interface and standard interface, you can use this interface to perform required operations and use system resources. Distributed OS normally hides the implementation details inside the system, such as the physical location of the object, concurrency control, and system failure, which are transparent to users.
A distributed system requires a unified operating system to unify system operations., AndNetwork operating systems are generally in their respective Operating SystemsIn addition, the network access module is responsible for different network system operations.
The processing and control functions of the distributed system are distributed. When a device fails, the fault tolerance technology can be used to reconstruct the system, so as to keep the system running normally. Therefore, the system has a strong key, that is, it has good availability and reliability. NetworkThe control functions of the network system are mostly concentrated in the host and server, so that the system has potential non-reliability.
7. Embedded Operating System (embedded OS)
- Embedded systems are software and hardware systems that provide specific functions in various devices, devices, or systems.. They are part of a large device, device, or system that may not be a "computer ". It usually works in reactive or environments that have strict requirements on processing time, and is called an embedded system because they are embedded in various devices, devices, or systems.
- Embedded with various microprocessor or microcontroller chips on electrical appliances, electronics, and smart machines.Embedded Operating SystemIt is a system software that runs in an embedded smart chip environment and uniformly coordinates, schedules, directs, and controls the entire smart chip, as well as its various components, devices, and other resources.
- Embedded operating systems are usually equipped with source code-level configurable system module design, rich synchronization primitives, selectable scheduling algorithms, selectable memory allocation policies, timers and counters, multi-mode interrupt processing support multiple Exception Handling options, support for multiple communication modes, standard C language library, Math library, and open application interface.
- The embedded operating system has the advantages of high reliability, real-time performance, low resource occupation, intelligent energy management, easy connection, and low cost. Its system functions can be tailored, adjusted, and generated based on requirements, to meet the design requirements of the final product.
- Embedded systems are widely used, such as mobile phone communication control, industrial monitoring, Smart Living Space (Information appliances, smart buildings, etc.), communication systems, navigation systems, and so on. For example, an electronic control device on a car is actually a computer network. There may be dozens of microprocessors and corresponding operating platforms in a modern car, they need to communicate and monitor the operation of vehicles. This constitutes an embedded system, which includes various technologies such as task processing, computing, network interconnection, data collection, data management, intelligent control, and human-machine interaction, it requires a series of operating platforms for the application environment to control, coordinate various system requirements and services, and control resource configuration. These platforms constitute the operating system of this embedded system.
Connect to the operating system type (Part 1)
