Partition type in Linux

1./partition. Used to store system files.
2. Swap, that is, swap partition, is also a file system. It serves as the virtual memory of Linux.
In Windows, the virtual memory is a file: pagefile. sys; in Linux, the virtual memory needs to use independent partitions. This is said to improve the performance of the virtual memory.
3./home: the place where the user folder is located. If you separate/home, you can use live CD to start Ubuntu to obtain your own file information.
4./boot: contains the kernel of the operating system and the files needed to start the system.
In many old tutorials, users will mount an independent partition of about mb in the/boot directory, we recommend that you put the/boot file in front of the hard disk, that is, before the 1024 cylinder. As a matter of fact, this is what lilo cannot guide the operating system kernel after 1024 cylinders. Of course, it is also said that the benefit of independent mounting/boot is that multiple Linux instances can share one/boot.
In fact, no matter which of the above reasons, there is no need to separate the/boot partition. First, grub can boot the Linux kernel after the 1024 cylinder. Second, even if multiple Linux systems are installed, the/boot is completely available. Because the size of the/boot directory is usually very small, about 20 mb, a MB partition is undoubtedly a waste, and the hard disk is also fragmented, not convenient to manage. In addition, if two Linux systems share one/boot, every time the kernel is upgraded, grub configuration files may conflict with each other, causing unnecessary trouble. In addition, the non-independent/boot partition only occupies about 20 mb of space in the root directory, and does not affect the use of the root directory.
But it is worth noting that as the hard disk capacity increases, the Linux kernel cannot be guided to appear again, which is also known as the 137gb limitation. Unfortunately, grub cannot boot the Linux kernel in the shard after GB. If you do not encounter such a situation, you should consider attaching/boot to an independent partition located in front of 137gb, or simply moving the LINUX partition forward, place the partition where the root directory is located before GB.
5./usr/local: the place where the software is stored in Linux.
We recommend that you use the/OPT,/usr or/usr/local independent tutorial, which is basically very old. When we use Ubuntu, we usually use the software package manager of the system to install the software, and seldom compile and install the software by ourselves. However, we recommend that you use an earlier version for independent/usr,/OPT,/usr/local, instead of re-compiling the software when reinstalling the system. However, for most common users, this suggestion is usually meaningless.
6./var: System Log Record Partition.
7./tmp partition, used to store temporary files.
We recommend that you set/Var and/tmp independent tutorials to be server-oriented. Because high-load servers usually generate many log files and temporary files, these files are often changed. Therefore, separating/Var and/tmp is conducive to improving server performance. However, if you use Ubuntu as a desktop or never care about system logs, there is no need to independently Mount partitions for/var and/tmp.

In some old tutorials, we recommend that you install Linux in the primary partition or mount a primary partition under/boot. In fact, this is not required. All Linux partitions can be in logical partitions. Therefore, install Linux in a logical partition with peace of mind.

---

Linux File Systems (partition formats) mainly include ext3, reiserfs, XFS, JFS, and so on. Linux can also read and write partitions using the fat, FAT32, and NTFS file systems.

The default file system of Ubuntu is ext3.

Some people may tell you what advantages other file systems will have and what will ext3 do badly, but if you do not know about the file system, I suggest using the default ext3, the default setting may not always be the best performance, but it must be the most stable and secure for common users.

Maximum partition size: ext3 is 4 TB, and reisefs is 16 TB. FAT32 has a maximum partition of 32 GB in Windows XP and Windows 2000, while FAT32 in Linux supports up to 2 TB.
Maximum file size: ext3 is 2 GB-4 GB, reisefs is 8 TB, and FAT32 is 4 GB.

---

If you want to install only one Ubuntu operating system on the hard disk, we recommend that you use the three-zone solution:
1) "/" partition: Use the ext3 file system. The partition capacity is 10 GB-15 GB.
2) "Swap" partition: used for swap space. The memory size is less than or equal to 512 MB. The swap partition capacity is twice the memory size. If the memory size is greater than MB, the swap partition capacity is equal to the memory size.
3) "/home" partition: ext3 file system is used. The partition capacity is "/" and "Swap ".

In Linux, there must be at least two mount points (Disk Partitions):/and swap, whether other mount points need to be separated independently depends on your planning needs. You can refer to the following suggestions:

The size of swap is about the same as your memory size, or slightly larger

Installation suggestions for new users or desktop with limited hard disk space for the first time:
Mount point device description
// DEV/hda1 available space-all spaces after swap size
Swap/dev/hda2 the recommended memory size is at least 512 MB.

Recommended installation for advanced user desktop:
Mount point device description
// DEV/hda1 15g
/Home/dev/hda2 maximum available space
/Boot/dev/hda3 about MB
Swap/dev/hda5 memory size (at least 512 MB recommended)

Advanced User Server Installation suggestions:
Mount point device description
// DEV/hda1 15g
/Home/dev/hda2 maximum available space
/Boot/dev/hda3 about MB
Swap/dev/hda5 memory size (at least 512 MB recommended)
/Var/dev/hda6 depends on the server function.

Here is the configuration and suggestions for installing Linux Ubuntu disk partitions. With the above instructions, I believe it is not difficult to plan your own hard disk.

Linux requires that the primary partition (or extended partition) occupies the first four numbers from 1 to 16. Taking the first IDE hard disk as an example, the primary partition (or extended partition) occupies hda1, hda2, hda3, and hda4, while the logical partition occupies 12 numbers from hda5 to hda16. Therefore, each Hard Disk in Linux has a total of 16 partitions.
Therefore, hda1-hda4 indicates the primary zone. After hda5 is a logical partition !!

 

Turn: http://bbs.ylmf.net/forum.php? MoD = viewthread & tid = 1433960.