Python3 Shutil Module

The argv method of the Sys module, which can receive the parameters following the execution script

First, the script is defined as follows:

Import Sys

Print (SYS.ARGV)

Print (Sys.argv[0])

Print (sys.argv[1])

Print (sys.argv[2])

Execute script:

[Email protected] ~]# Python3 aa.py a B

[' aa.py ', ' A ', ' B ', ' C ']//corresponds to print (SYS.ARGV)

aa.py//corresponds to print (sys.argv[0])

A//corresponds to print (sys.argv[1])

b//corresponds to print (sys.argv[2])

The role of the Shutil module: Advanced files, folders, compression package processing module

1, copy of the contents of the file, using the Copyfileobj method

Import Shutil

F1 = open ("passwd", "R", encoding= "Utf-8")

F2 = open ("Passwd.bak", "W", encoding= "Utf-8")

Shutil.copyfileobj (F1,F2)

There is one more simple way:

>>> Import Shutil

>>> shutil.copyfile ("passwd", "passwd.old")//The file can be copied directly using the CopyFile method

' Passwd.old '

2, copy only the permissions of the file, the rest of the properties are not copied, provided that there must be a target file, if the target file does not exist the error

[email protected] ~]# ll passwd

-rwxr-xr-x. 1 xiaoming xiaoming 1576 March 14:52 passwd

[[email protected] ~]# ll Passwd.bak//This file content is empty

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 March 14:56 Passwd.bak

>>> Import Shutil

>>> Shutil.copymode ("passwd", "Passwd.bak")//copymode Copy the permissions of the file

To see the properties of two files:

[email protected] ~]# ll passwd

-rwxr-xr-x. 1 xiaoming xiaoming 1576 March 14:52 passwd

[[email protected] ~]# ll passwd.bak//file contents are empty, but only permissions have changed

-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 0 March 14:56 Passwd.bak

3, copy all the state information of the file, do not copy the contents of the file

>>> Import Shutil

>>> shutil.copystat ("passwd", "Passwd.bak")

4, copy files and permissions, but do not copy the owner and the group

>>> shutil.copy ("passwd", "Passwd.bak")

' Passwd.bak '

5. Copy the entire directory tree

>>> Import Shutil

>>> Shutil.copytree ("/etc", "/etc_new")

Delete Entire Directory tree

>>> shutil.rmtree ("/etc_new")

6, the Movement of files

>>> Import Shutil

>>> shutil.move ("passwd", "/tmp")

'/TMP/PASSWD '

7, the packaging of documents

>>> shutil.make_archive ("Test", "Gztar", "/etc")//"Test" is a packaged name, you can specify a path, "Gztar" is a package type, you can also write a zip; "etc" For programs that need to be packaged

'/root/test.tar.gz '

File packaging can also be used in a different way

Import Tarfile

tar = Tarfile.open ("XXX.tar.gz", "w")//"XXX.tar.gz" the name of the open file, which is the TAR package name

Tar.add ("/etc/passwd", Arcname= "passwd")//Add files that need to be compressed

Tar.add ("/etc/shadow", Arcname= "shadow")

Tar.close ()

With compression, then unzip it?

tar = Tarfile.open ("XXX.tar.gz", "R")

Tar.extractall ("/usr/local")//tar.extractall () to set the decompression path

Tar.close ()

Python3 Shutil Module