rootfs: Root file System
/boot: System startup related files such as kernel, INITRD, and Grub (bootloader)
/dev: device files
Device files:
block devices: Random access, data blocks
Character Devices: Linear access, by character
device number: Master device Good (major) and secondary device number (minor)
/etc: Config file
/ Home: The user's home directory, each user's home directory usually defaults to/home/username
/root: Administrator's home directory
/lib: library file
Static library,  .A
Dynamic library, .dll,. So (Shared object)
/media: mount point directory, mobile device
/mnt: mount point directory, Additional temporary file system
/OPT: Optional directory, installation directory for third-party programs
/proc: Pseudo file system, kernel mapping file
/sys: Pseudo file system, property mapping file associated with hardware device
/tmp: Temp file,/var/tmp
/var: variable file
/bin: executable, user command
/sbin: administrative command
/usr:shared, read-only
/usr/bin
/usr/sbin
/usr/lib
/usr/local:
/usr/local/ Bin
/usr/local/sbin
/usr/lib
This article is from the "Maskpaperman" blog, make sure to keep this source http://mrros.blog.51cto.com/9403540/1840638
"Self-learning Linux" Linux file System Management (i)