Use the iconv command to easily convert character set encoding in Linux

Brother Lang called me last night and said that he opened the result file with garbled characters and asked me if I didn't handle the character encoding. Early in the morning to the lab, ask the next classmate, only to know the Linux Shell configuration file in the default character set encoding for UTF-8. UTF-8 is a unicode expression, gb2312 and Unicode are character encoding, so the concept of gb2312 and UTF-8 should not be a hierarchical. In Linux, you can use the iconv command to convert the specified file from one encoding to another.
The iconv command usage is as follows:
Iconv [option...] [file...]

The following options are available:

Input/output format specifications:
-F, -- from-code = Name Original Text Encoding
-T, -- to-code = Name output Encoding

Information:
-L, -- list lists all known character sets

Output Control:
-C: Ignore invalid characters from the output
-O, -- output = file: output file
-S, -- silent close warning
-- Verbose prints the progress information

Therefore, I added a sentence at the end of the program.
Iconv-F UTF-8-T gb2312/server_test/reports/software_.txt>/server_test/reports/software_asserts.txt
Solved the problem.

I checked some information on the Internet and learned that iconv function family programming can be used for encoding and conversion in Linux.

/* The following content is taken from [url] http://www.xrss.cn/info/102.16.html#/url##/

The header file of the iconv function family is iconv. H, which must be included before use.
# Include <iconv. h>
The iconv function family has three functions. The prototype is as follows:
(1) iconv_t iconv_open (const char * tocode, const char * fromcode );
This function indicates which two types of encoding are to be converted. tocode is the target encoding and fromcode is the original encoding. This function returns a conversion handle for the following two functions.
(2) size_t iconv (iconv_t CD, char ** inbuf, size_t * inbytesleft, char ** outbuf, size_t * outbytesleft );
This function reads characters from inbuf and outputs the converted characters to outbuf. inbytesleft records the number of characters that have not been converted, and outbytesleft records the remaining space of the output buffer. (3) int iconv_close (iconv_t CD );
This function is used to close the conversion handle and release resources.
Example 1: A conversion example program implemented in C Language

/* F. C: Code Conversion example C program */
# Include <iconv. h>
# Deprecision outlen 255
Main ()
{
Char * in_utf8 = "e? Why ?? Why? ";
Char * in_gb2312 = "installing ";
Char out [outlen];

// Convert Unicode code to gb2312 code
Rc = u2g (in_utf8, strlen (in_utf8), Out, outlen );
Printf ("Unicode --> gb2312 out = % Sn", out );
// Convert the gb2312 code to the Unicode code
Rc = g2u (in_gb2312, strlen (in_gb2312), Out, outlen );
Printf ("gb2312 --> Unicode out = % Sn", out );
}
// Code Conversion: Convert from one encoding to another
Int code_convert (char * from_charset, char * to_charset, char * inbuf, int inlen, char * outbuf, int outlen)
{
Iconv_t CD;
Int RC;
Char ** pin = & inbuf;
Char ** pout = & outbuf;

Cd = iconv_open (to_charset, from_charset );
If (Cd = 0) Return-1;
Memset (outbuf, 0, outlen );
If (iconv (Cd, pin, & inlen, pout, & outlen) =-1) Return-1;
Iconv_close (CD );
Return 0;
}
// Convert Unicode code to gb2312 code
Int u2g (char * inbuf, int inlen, char * outbuf, int outlen)
{
Return code_convert ("UTF-8", "gb2312", inbuf, inlen, outbuf, outlen );
}
// Convert the gb2312 code to the Unicode code
Int g2u (char * inbuf, size_t inlen, char * outbuf, size_t outlen)
{
Return code_convert ("gb2312", "UTF-8", inbuf, inlen, outbuf, outlen );
}

Example 2: A conversion example program in C ++

/* F. cpp: Code Conversion example c ++ Program */
# Include <iconv. h>
# Include <iostream>

# Deprecision outlen 255

Using namespace STD;

// Code conversion operation class
Class codeconverter {
PRIVATE:
Iconv_t CD;
Public:
// Construct
Codeconverter (const char * from_charset, const char * to_charset ){
Cd = iconv_open (to_charset, from_charset );
}

// Structure
~ Codeconverter (){
Iconv_close (CD );
}

// Conversion output
Int convert (char * inbuf, int inlen, char * outbuf, int outlen ){
Char ** pin = & inbuf;
Char ** pout = & outbuf;

Memset (outbuf, 0, outlen );
Return iconv (Cd, pin, (size_t *) & inlen, pout, (size_t *) & outlen );
}
};

Int main (INT argc, char ** argv)
{
Char * in_utf8 = "e? Why ?? Why? ";
Char * in_gb2312 = "installing ";
Char out [outlen];

// UTF-8 --> gb2312
Codeconverter cc = codeconverter ("UTF-8", "gb2312 ");
Cc. Convert (in_utf8, strlen (in_utf8), Out, outlen );
Cout <"UTF-8 --> gb2312 in =" <in_utf8 <", out =" <out <Endl;

// Gb2312 --> UTF-8
Codeconverter CC2 = codeconverter ("gb2312", "UTF-8 ");
Cc2.convert (in_gb2312, strlen (in_gb2312), Out, outlen );
Cout <"gb2312 --> UTF-8 in =" <in_gb2312 <", out =" <out <Endl;
}