Various services in ArcGIS Server [reprint]

ArticleDirectory

• About the URL of Web Service
• Some capabilities must be accessed through the web
• Tips for creating a map document to be published as a service
• Release geodata service directly from Geodatabase
• Publish a geodata service with map service
• Capability
• Remove ArcGIS online Layers
• Optimizing data Performance
• Layer attribute of raster dataset Data Source
• Layer attribute of ArcGIS image server data source

Various services in ArcGIS Server Use Services

Resources can be shared easily between clients through services. Through the service, all clients can access the same resources without installing them on their machines. The server stores resources, manages services, performs GIS-related work, and returns the results to the client in the form of images or text.

To use the service, you do not need to install independent GIS software. You can use a common web browser or custom application.ProgramYou can. However, ArcGIS applications, such as ArcMap and arcglobe, can also serve as GIS clients.

When using services on ArcGIS Server, you can access it like using local resources. For example, when accessing the map service on the server, it is like storing map documents and data locally.

Releasing GIS resource as a service is the key for people to access it. Generally, resources are created through ArcGIS Desktop and published as services for the client.

The following table lists the services that can be published and the resources required for each service.

Service Type	Required GIS Resources
Map Service	Map document (. mxd,. PMF)
Geocode Service	Address Locator (. Loc,. MXs, SDE batch Locator)
Geodata Service	Database connection file (. Sde)OrPersonal GeodatabaseOrFile GeodatabaseOrReferences the map document of data registered as a version of Geodatabase
Geometry Service	GIS resources are not required
Geoprocessing Service	Map document with tool CoatingOrToolbox (. tbx)
Globe Service	Globe document (. 3DD,. PMF)
Image Service	Raster DatasetOrReferences the layer file of raster dataset.OrCompiled image service definition (. iscdef)

Capabilities of various services

As An ArcGIS Server administrator, you need to pay attention to published services and referenced resources. However, the client is more concerned with the capabilities of the services they can use. As an administrator, you can control the published GIS and its capabilities.

The service capability is related to the resource type, such as the layer type in the map document. Map documents provides the most capabilities. For example, WMS and kml. Other types such as geodata access and geoprocessing require special layers. The following table lists the resources required for various service capabilities.

Capability	What can this capability do?	Which services have this capability?
Geocoding	Can be used to access address locator. Geocode service always has this capability.	Geocode services
Geodata	It can be used to access Geodatabase for data query, extraction, and replication. Geodata service always has this capability.	Geodata services
Geodata access	Allows client users to copy and extract data In ArcMap. This capability is available when you publish a map document associated with geodata service.	Map Services
Geometry	Provides an internal engine for applications to perform geometric operations (such as projection and encryption.	Geometry services
Geoprocessing	Access geoprocessing models from toolbox or tool layer. A tool layer is a model that is dragged from the arctoolbox to the TOC. This capability is available when you publish a map document associated with the geoprocessing service. This capability is automatically available when a geoprocessing service is released.	Geoprocessing services, map services
Globe	It can be used to access globe document. This capability is automatically available when the globe service is released.	Globe services
Imaging	Used to access raster dataset or ArcGIS image server service. This capability is automatically available when the image service is published.	Image services
Kml	Use a map document to create keyhole Markup Language (kml) features.	Map Services
Mapping	Used to access the content of map document. This capability is automatically available when map service is released.	Map Services
Mobile Data Access	You can extract data from the map document to a mobile device.	Map Services
Network Analysis	Network analyst extension is used to solve the problem of traffic network analysis.	Map Services
WCS	Create a service compatible with the OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium) WCS specification (Web Coverage Service.	Geodata services, image services, map services
WFS	Create a service compatible with the WFS specification (web feature service) of OGC.
WMS	Create a service compatible with ogc wms specifications (Web Map Service.	Image services, map services

In this way, we can see what services need to be released when using specific capabilities.

 

Publish the service to the network

The client connects to the server over a network (via LAN or WAN ). If you connect to a GIS service over the internet, they use web service.

By default, a service can be accessed over the network and a URL is provided. This URL is used by ESRI applications to connect to the Internet through ArcGIS Server. You cannot directly enter this URL in your browser to browse the service. However, you can enter this URL in your browser and add "? To view the definition of this web service, to check whether it works normally. (WSDL is the abbreviation of web services description language. It is an XML language used to describe Web services ).

About the URL of Web Service

To enable the client to access web services, they must know the URL of the service. Shape:

Http: // <Server Name>/<Instance name>/services

If you want to connect to a specific service, the URL should be in the form:

Http: // <Server Name>/<Instance name>/services/<folder name (if the service is in a folder)> /<service name>/<service type (required by some services)>/<capability type (required by some services)>
For example, to view the descriptions of all services on the server through WSDL, enter the following URL:

Http: // server name/ArcGIS/services? WSDL

For example, to view the mapping capability of the usamap service on the server through WSDL, enter the following URL:

Http: // server name/ArcGIS/services/usamap/mapserver? WSDL

Some capabilities must be accessed through the web

Some capabilities require clients to be connected through the Internet. Therefore, the "access through web" option cannot be disabled. These capabilities include kml, WMS, and mobile data access.

 

 

Let's take a look at the specific service.

 

 

Map Services

Map Service is the most common ArcGIS service and has many capabilities and functions. Map Service is capable of mapping and map viewing. It also supports modeling, geoprocessing, Mobile GIS services, ogc wms, ogc wcs, and kml.

To publish a map service, you must first prepare a map document (. mxd) In ArcMap ). After the mxd file is published as a map service, you can access the data of the map document through the service, display layers, and use any built-in capabilities of the map. You can also choose to create a cache for this service so that it can be browsed more quickly.

Create map document

You must use ArcGIS Desktop to create a map document. For details about how to create a map, see the ArcMap overview.

Tips for creating a map document to be published as a service

You need to arrange the content, scope, annotation, and Annotation of the map document to a reasonable location. Remember not to be too tedious, but also consider the map's aesthetics.

See create and publish a network map.

Publish a service

For how to publish a local document as a service, see the topic "publishing a GIS resource to the server" in the help section.

Enable the corresponding capabilities in the service

After a map service is published, other services that work with the map service can be created by enabling the corresponding capabilities. Some of these capabilities require that the map document contain specific layers.

The following table lists the capabilities of the map service and the requirements for enabling the corresponding capabilities.

Capability	What can this capability do?	Requirements for enabling this capability
Mapping	Provide access to the map document content	All map documents have this capability by default.
WCS	Include one or more raster layers in the map document to enable one capability compatible with Open Geospatial Consortium's (OGC) Web Coverage Service (WCS) Specifications	The map document must contain the raster layer.
WFS	Use the layers in the document to create a capability that is compatible with Open Geospatial Consortium's (OGC) Web Feature Service (WFS) specifications.	This document must contain vector layers. The service does not contain raster layers, because WFS targets a certain amount of data.
WMS	Use this document to create a capability that is compatible with Open Geospatial Consortium's (OGC) Web Map Service (WMS) specifications.	None
Mobile Data Access	You can extract data from a map document to a mobile device.	No
Kml	Use the map document to create keyhole Markup Language (kml) features.	No
Geodata access	Allows you to extract and copy data In ArcMap.	The layers in Geodatabase must be used. Create a geodata service that works with the map service.
Geoprocessing	You can access geoprocessing models from the tool layer. A tool layer is a tool model that is directly dragged from the arctoolbox to the TOC.	A tool layer is required. In this way, you can create a geoprocessing service that works with the map service.
Network Analysis	Use the network analyst extension module to solve traffic network analysis problems.	A network analysis layer that references network dataset data is required.

Using the map service

After creating a map service, you can connect to it through local and Internet. Because map service can have multiple capabilities, many ESRI and non-ESRI applications can access it. Including:

• ArcMap
• ArcGIS Server web mapping applications
• ArcGIS javascript API applications
• ArcGIS Explorer
• Arcglobe
• Arcreader
• ArcGIS Engine Applications
• ArcGIS for AutoCAD
• Microsoft Virtual Earth (using the ArcGIS JavaScript extension for the Virtual Earth API)
• Google Maps (using the ArcGIS JavaScript extension for the Google Maps API)
• Google Earth (as kml)
• WMS client applications (as WMS)
• WCS client applications (as WCS)
• WFS client applications (as WFS)
• Mobile applications (as a mobile data service)

 

Geocode services

Geocode services is also widely used. In terms of business and customer management, it is easy to find out which direction should be taken when distributing and distributing goods. Geocoding allows you to easily find an address on a map and view the relationships between the surrounding elements. Sometimes you can only view the map to obtain the information you need; sometimes you need to use space analysis tools to reveal potential information.

There are many commercial geocode services, but they may not meet your needs: address information is not updated timely, and the format of address information is inconsistent with them, or you want people to look for a place through the local idioms. These require a special geocoding solution. You can release your own geocode service to solve these problems.

Before publishing geocode service to the GIS server, you need to create address locator in ArcGIS desktop, and then publish locator as geocode service.

Create address Locator

Address locator is the main tool for geocoding in ArcGIS. It also contains all the data required for address location. You can use arccatalog to create address locator. For more information about step-by-step creation, see create address locator.

The created locator must be in a shared directory so that all server object container (SOC) machines can access it. In addition, the SOC account must have the permission to access the directory.

Publish address Locator

See publishing a GIS resource to the server. Specify the target locator when specifying a resource. The available formats are locator files (. LOC), ArcView 3 Address locators (. MXs), ArcSDE Address locators, personal Geodatabase locators, and file Geodatabase locators.

Use geocode Service

The find address task that comes with the Web ADF is used to locate the address. Use this task to use the geocode service.

 

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Geodata services

Geodata service. The client can use ArcGIS Server to access Geodatabase through LAN or WAN. This service has the ability to copy Geodatabase, extract data, and query in Geodatabase. A geodata service can add geodatabases of various rows, including ArcSDE geodatabases, personal geodatabases, and file geodatabases.

If you want to remotely access a database, geodata services is very useful. For example, the company wants to establish an ArcSDE geodatabases to manage data in the Los Angeles and New York offices. After the service is established, offices in both locations can use geodata service on the Internet to publish their own ArcSDE Geodatabase. Geodata services can also be used to regularly synchronize data in different geodatabases over the Internet.

You need to understand the concept of Geodatabase before releasing this service. See Understanding distributed data.

First, prepare Geodatabase in ArcGIS Desktop to release geodata service.

You can publish a geodata service directly from Geodatabase or with map service.

Release geodata service directly from Geodatabase

In this way, you need to reference the connection files that you want to publish to the service as personal Geodatabase, file Geodatabase, or ArcSDE. Geodatabase or connection files must be stored in a location accessible to all SOC machines.

For ArcSDE Geodatabase, You need to right-click the catalog to save the connection file. the SDE connection file will save your login name/Application Data/ESRI/CATALOG/folder. We recommend that you copy it to a location accessible to all SOC machines.

To publish geodata service, follow these steps:

1. Click the Services tab in manager.
2. Click Publish GIS resource.
3. Enter the information as prompted, but note the following:
   • For resource, select the connection file (. Sde) of the Geodatabase or ArcSDE Geodatabase to be released ).
   • For help, see publishing a GIS resource to the server.

Publish a geodata service with map service

To do this, you must select geodata access in the map service capability list, and map document must reference data in Geodatabase. After the release is complete, a map service and a geodata service with the same name are automatically created. These two services can be managed independently. Releasing such a service allows you to use commands in the distributed Geodatabase toolbar to add the map service to ArcMap. See Distributed Geodatabase toolbar.

Follow these steps:

1. Click the Services tab in manager.
2. Click Publish GIS resource.
3. Enter the information as prompted, but note the following:
   • For resource, select the map document to be published.
   • Make sure that geodata access is selected.
   • For help, see publishing a GIS resource to the server.
     Capability

     Geodata services can generate three capabilities. You can select them when publishing a service or modify them in the Service Attributes later:

     • GeodataIt is automatically used to access Geodatabase.

     • WCSPublish the grid data in the Geodatabase to the network in an Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. (OGC) Web Coverage Service (WCS). WCS compliant manner. By default, the WCS capability is not selected.

       About the WCS services.

     • WFSPublish Vector Data in the Geodatabase to the network in an Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. (OGC) Web Feature Service (WFS). WFS compliant manner. WFS capability is not selected by default.

       About WFS services.

 

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Geometry services

Geometry service can help applications perform geometric calculations, such as buffering, simplifying, calculated area/length, or projection. In fact, there are other ways to do this, such as fine-grained AO programming or geoprocessing service, while geometry Service provides another way to do similar work. Geometry service is particularly suitable for applications created using ArcGIS rest or Javascript APIs.

The geometry service is only visible to administrators and developers. The user connected to the server cannot see the geometry service.

Geometry service is provided in ArcGIS Server 9.3 and cannot be used by default. You must manually create it for your application.

Create a geometry Service

To create a geometry service, select Add new service in arccatalog or manager. Select geometry service in service type. Note the following:

• The geometry service must be named "Geometry.
• Each server can have only one geometry service, but multiple instances of this service can be allowed.
• Geometry services are always pooled.
• You can stop, start, and delete a geometry service like other services.

Use geometry service for development

When creating a JavaScript Application, you can use the rest endpoint to reference a geometry service. For how to use it, see ArcGIS javascript API helps.

If you want to use geometry service in a web ADF application, we recommend that you use soap. You can find geometry service in the soap SDK. See ArcGIS Server resource center.

 

 

 

Geoprocessing Service

The geoprocessing service contains the geoprocessing tasks that can be used by the client. Tasks is created when you publish geoprocessing toolboxes or map documents that contain the tool layer. When executing tasks in the geoprocessing service, operations are performed on the server and server resources are used.

Geoprocessing services and their tasks can be accessed through the Internet or LAN, or on ArcGIS Desktop, ArcGIS Explorer, and Web applications (such as Web applicaiton created using ArcGIS Server Manager).

Release geoprocessing Service

• Release geoprocessing toolbox. Each tool in the toolbox is changed to a task in the geoprocessing service.
• Publish a map document containing the tool layer. Each tool layer will program a task in the geoprocessing service.

Input/Output Data Type

The input and output parameter types are roughly described.

For how to publish geoprocessing service, see publish geoprocessing service.

For more information about geoprocessing service, see geoprocessing service.

 

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Globe services

The globe Service provides a 3D view from an arcglobe document (. 3DD. To publish a globe service, you must first create a globe document and then publish it as a service. After the globe service is created, the supported clients, such as arcglobe, ArcGIS Explorer, and arcreader, can remotely access the globe service.

To create a globe service:

1. Prepare an arcglobe document to ensure that the data source or cache of this document can be accessed by all SOC machines.
2. Use arccatalog or ArcGIS Server Manager to create and start a globe service.
3. You can create a cache for the globe service to accelerate access.

The following describes in detail how to publish, use, and increase the display speed.

Create globe document

This document must have ArcGIS Desktop and 3D Analyst extension. The globe service contains many layers that can be added to an application. This is different from map service, which adds all the data in the document at a time. Because the globe service is such a separate layer, some attributes in the globe document, such as ambient light, sun position, background color, and stretch parameters, do not play a role in the globe service.

Remove ArcGIS online Layers

Arcglobe 9.3 contains some layers in ArcGIS online services by default. They must be removed before the globe service is released. Because globe services (such as ArcGIS online services) cannot be published in other globe services.

In addition to your own layers, if you want to see the content of ArcGIS online in the program, you must first publish a service that does not contain ArcGIS online layers (only your own layers ). Create an arcglobe document, 3D arcreader document, or ArcGIS Explorer map, and add the following content to it:

• The globe service that has just been released
• ArcGIS online layer.
• Add layers for other services if needed.

Save the document and place it in a shared location.

Optimizing data Performance

Refer to the following entries:

• Set scale-dependent rendering for layers: this will show only the required layers when you zoom in/out to a certain ratio. For example, the details of the layer only need to be displayed at a large scale.
• Simplified layer symbols. It takes a lot of time to draw complex symbols.

• Use compressed raster data.

  Try to use JPEG as the cache file format, because this format can compress the data volume.

  If the video card driver supports this function, you can also use the dxt compression format.

• The color change range of the compressed pixel is 16 bits.

• Increase the cell size of the raster layer.
• Remove unnecessary layers.

Publish globe Service

Select publish globe service and select the globe document to be published. Follow the Wizard to complete this task.

Note that the globe Services control is not used in the Web ADF.

We recommend that you use ArcGIS Explorer to access the globe service.

To view published 3D services in Web applications, you can only use ArcGIS JavaScript extension for Virtual Earth.

 

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Image services

Image Service makes it possible to browse raster data from web service. The data source of raster data can be raster dataset (in Geodatabase or on hard disk), which references the layer file of raster dataset, or use the compiled image service definition (including one or more raster datasets and defined processes) created by ArcGIS image server ).

Note:If you want to use the compiled Image Service definitions to create image services, you must register ArcGIS image server in ArcGIS Server. See learn more about registering ArcGIS image server with ArcGIS Server.

Capabilities of Image Service

When publishing an image service, you can choose to make it compatible with the Open Geospatial Consortium Web Map Service (WMS) or Web Coverage Service (WCS) specifications.

Publish image services

• I have ArcGIS Server and the ArcGIS image Server Extension

  You can use arccatalog or manager to publish three data sources. See publishing a GIS resource to the server. When the resource type is prompted, select raster dataset, layer file, or compiled image service definition for release.

• I only have ArcGIS Server

  Only the first two data sources can be published. The steps are as follows:

• I only have ArcGIS image server

  Only the third data source can be published. WMS or WCS cannot be enabled. The client can only connect directly to the ArcGIS image server.

Use Image Service

After connecting to the GIS server, you can use the image service like other services.

Layer attribute of raster dataset Data Source

The image service layer has attributes. Like a raster dataset layer, the image service layer attribute dialog box includes the general, source, extent, display, and symbology labels. Note that the display label has the compression option. It can be used to quickly transmit images.

Layer attribute of ArcGIS image server data source

Has two additional labels: mosaic and metadata.

 

 

 

Services with kml capabilities

Keyhole Markup Language (kml) is an XML-based file format used to express geographic feature in applications such as Google Earth or ArcGIS Explorer ). Kml can be used to draw points, lines, and polygons on maps and globes and share with others. Kml allows you to specify the link information of text, images, videos, or other GIS services when you click a feature.

What can kml be used in ArcGIS Server?

ArcGIS Server allows you to use kml to share map data in multiple ways:

• Map services and image services open kml network links through representational state transfer (rest.
• You can also use services directory or manager to create your own kml network link.
• When you use rest to query map layers and perform geoprocessing or geocoding operations, you will get results in kml format.

It can be seen that kml is dynamically created, so kml is always consistent with the latest map data on the server.

For more information, see kml support in ArcGIS Server

 

 

 

Services that are compatible with OGC Specifications (WFS, WMS, and WCS)

Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. (OGC) web services allow your maps and data to be shared across the network in an open and common format. OGC defines standards that can be widely shared for maps and data. All developers can use the OGC specification for free. Clients that use OGC specifications have a wide range of options: Simple Web browsers or applications such as ArcMap.

Release capability of OGC specifications in ArcGIS Server

OGC defines different types of services to support different maps and data. ArcGIS Server can publish three OGC services:

• Web Map Services (WMS) is used to support Map Images in the form of layers.
• Web feature services (WFS) supports Vector Data
• Web Coverage services (WCS) supports Raster Data

You can enable certain capabilities in ArcGIS Server services to publish services that support OGC specifications.

The following table lists services that support OGC.

	WMS	WFS	WCS
Map Services	X	X	X
Geodata services		X	X
Image services	X		X

For more information, see OGC support in ArcGIS Server

 

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