Western Open Source Study Note book2-"unit 6"

#############################

# # # # # Unit6.shell script Command # #

#############################

########## #1. diff###########

diff File File1 # #比较两个文件的不同

-C # #显示周围的行

-U # #按照统一格式输出生成补丁

-R # #比较两个目录中文件的不同

Patch File File.patch # #打补丁

-B # #备份原文件

######## #2. grep##########

grep keyword

Grep-i # #忽略大小写

-N # #显示关键字在其文件所在的行号

-C # #显示过滤结果的个数

-V # #反向过滤 (that is, rows that do not contain the keyword)

-e "keyword 1| keyword 2" # #过滤多个关键字

-R Directory # #在目录中查找含有关键字的文件 (recursive search, starting from a named directory)

Note: ^ keyword # #以关键字开头

Keyword $ # #以关键字结尾

Eg.grep Root-r/etc/-N # #递归式搜索/etc/with root directories and files, and displays the root's line number in the file

######## #3. cut##########

Cut # #截取字符

cut-d Delimiter # #指定分隔符

Cut-f 1,7 # #显示指定的列

Cut-c 1-4 # #显示指定的字符

eg. show only IP address information in the Ifconfig

[Email protected]/]# ifconfig eth0 | grep inet |grep-v inet6| Cut-d ""-F 10

inet 172.25.254.119

[Email protected]/]# ifconfig eth0 | grep inet |grep-v inet6| Awk-f "" ' {print $1,$2} '

inet 172.25.254.119

# #awk的-F indicates the specified delimiter

####### #4. Sort sorted ########

Sort # #默认只按第一个字符排序

-N # #纯数字排序

-U # #去除冗余

|UNIQ-C # #去除冗余并统计冗余的个数

-T # #指定分隔符

-K # #指定列

eg

[Email protected] mnt]# sort-t ":"-K 2-n file

A:1

A:2

A:2

A:3

A:4

A:5

A:5

A:6

A:6

A:7

####### #5. uniq#######

Sort file |uniq-c # #去冗余并统计冗余次数

-D # #显示冗余行

-U # #显示唯一行

###### #6. tr#######

###### #7. sed######

Sed ' s/original character/replacement character/g ' file # #替换文件中的字符

Sed-e ' Strategy 1 '-e ' policy 2 ' File # #执行多个策略 (This strategy is ' s/original character/replacement character/g ')

Sed-i File # #把转换后的内容输出到指定文件

Sed ' 3,5s/original character/replacement character/g ' File # #把3-5 line replacement

sed xd file # #屏蔽指定行 (eg.sed 5d passwd)

sed xp file # #复制指定行 (eg.sed 5p passwd)

Sed-n XP File # #只显示指定行 (eg.sed-n 5p passwd)

Note: When you want to perform multiple specified rows, the command format is Sed-ne Xp-ne XP

Eg:sed-ne 5p-ne 7p File

######## #8. awk##########

Western Open Source Study Note book2-"unit 6"