What is Linux in the 1th chapter?

A brief history of network farmer _unix

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Linux---Linus Torvalds---1991

Thompson designed the first two important concepts of Unix:
1. All programs or system devices are files.
2. Regardless of whether the build editor or the subsidiary file, the program written only one purpose, is to effectively accomplish the goal.

Technology always comes from the human nature

Bill Joy---Berkeley software distribution---BSD

The operating system must cooperate with the hardware to provide and control the hardware resources to continue to work well.

Minix---mini Unix---Tan Ningbong

x Window is not x windows

Classification of Linux kernel versions
There are two versions of the Linux kernel: stable and development, and the Linux kernel version number consists of 3 sets of numbers: the first group number. The second set of numbers. Number three

First group number: The major version of the kernel that is currently released.

Second group number: even for stable version (stable), odd for developing version (development).

Third group number: number of error fixes.

The art of questioning:
I use the Linux is the CentOS this distribution, version is 5.x edition ask

Linux reference POSIX design specifications, so compatible with the UNIX operating system, it can also be called Unix like (Unix) one.

Linux operating system Kernel + various software
Linux distribution (release) Kernel + softwares + Tools

Two ways to install software RPM (on behalf of Red Hat) dpkg (for Debian)

Once you have selected a version, you can quickly get to the situation when you know it from the beginning and then continue to use the other version.

Linux mascot Penguin TUX (Tuxedo)

After studying the book, I hope to complete 2 points:

1.Red Hat CentOS Debian Gentoo Ubuntu Arch

These 6 distributions want to be able to play a little bit.

2. Perseverance from source code 1.1 point compilation installs the Gentoo

Dig two big pits and fill them in.

What is Linux in the 1th chapter?