There are differences in how Windows Server 2016 servers are licensed and Windows Server R2. The Windows Server R2 licensing method is authorized by the number of physical CPUs, while Windows Server 2016 uses the physical number of CPUs to authorize. https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/cloud-platform/windows-server-2016
The specific authorization method has the following requirements:
1. Core Licenses is sold according to Two-core one package. That is, the purchase of a licenses contains 2 cores of authorization.
2. Require a Windows Server 2016 license to purchase at least 8Core. That is, the minimum need to buy 8core license.
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Licensing scenarios for each version of Windows Server 2016
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Feature differences for each version of WIndows Server 2016
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Windows Server 2016 Server Licensing