stanford machine learning coursera

calculates the accuracy of the entire system at this time: As shown in, text recognition consists of four parts. Now we can find the system accuracy after optimization for each part. The question is, how can we improve the accuracy of the entire system? We can see from the table that, if we have optimized the text moderation part, the accuracy will be72%Add89%If we optimize the character segmentation, the accuracy is only from89%To90%If character recognition is optimized90%To100%In contr

the value is, the closer the value of the evaluation function is to the midline position of the parabolic curve, that is, the closer it is to the minimum value. It can be represented by an example: Let's take a look at the meaning. When the value is too small, the update is slow, and the gradient descent algorithm will slow down in execution. When the value is too large, the gradient descent algorithm may exceed the target value (minimum value), leading to non-convergence, even divergence. As

An introductory tutorial on machine learning with a higher degree of identity, by Andrew Ng of Stanford. NetEase public class with Chinese and English subtitles teaching video resources (http://open.163.com/special/opencourse/ machinelearning.html), handout stamp here: http://cs229.stanford.edu/materials.htmlThere are a variety of similar course

It is decided that machine learning is under system learning, and Stanford courseware is the main line. Notes1 is part of the http://www.stanford.edu/class/cs229/notes/cs229-notes1.pdf about Regression 1. Linear Regression For example, if the House Price is predicted and the data cannot be found on the Internet, use

invoking the example in MATLAB above, we can define the cost function of the logistic regression as follows:In the figure, Jval represents the cost function expression, where the last item is the penalty for the parameter θ; The following is a gradient of the derivation of each θj, where θ0 is not in the penalty, so gradient is not changed, and Θ1~θn has one more (λ/m) *θj respectively;At this point, regularization can solve the linear and logistic overfitting regression problem ~

It should be this time last year, I started to get into the knowledge of machine learning, then the introductory book is "Introduction to data mining." Swallowed read the various well-known classifiers: Decision Tree, naive Bayesian, SVM, neural network, random forest and so on; In addition, more serious review of statistics, learning the linear regression, but a

Since the end of last year to learn Andrew Ng's machine learning public class, in accordance with its courseware to try to achieve some of the algorithm to deepen understanding, but in this process encountered some problems, or for the implementation of the program, or to understand the algorithm. So prepare to organize this course and document your understanding, either right or wrong, to discuss together.

function and the derivation of each parameter when using it. we implement the costfunction ourselves and pass in the response parameter. We can return the following two values at a time: For example, call the fminunc () function and use @ to input the pointer to the costfunction function. For the initialized Theta, you can also add options (gradobj = on indicates "Open the gradient target parameter ", that is, we will provide gradient parameters for this function ): 6.7 multi-category classifi

is more than one, the Newton method iterates over the rule:Newton's method usually has a faster convergence rate than the batch gradient, and it takes a much smaller number of iterations to get close to the minimum value. However, when the parameters of the model are many (n), the computational cost of the Hessian matrix will be large, resulting in a slower convergence rate, but when the number of arguments is not long, the Newton method is usually much faster than the gradient descent.Summariz

based on the minimum mean variance. The closer to the predicted point, the heavier the weight, which is to use the points near the check to give higher weights. The most common is the Gaussian nucleus. The weights corresponding to the Gaussian nuclei are as follows:In (Formula 2), the only thing we need to make sure is that it's a user-specified parameter that determines how much weight is given to nearby points.Therefore, as shown in (Equation 3), local weighted linear regression is a non-para

symmetric semi-definite matrixin the case where the data is non-linear:called L1 norm soft margin SVM. is a convex optimization problem. It allows an interval of less than 1, which allows for the categorization of errors. SMO algorithm:coordinate ascent algorithm:This algorithm has more iterations, but at some point the inner loop will be very fast if a parameter in W (A1,,, am) is very small at the cost of finding the optimal value. SMO:If only one α is solved as SVM, the other α is fixed. obt

endfunction Initializes the matrix for the preceding dataset. Call a function to calculate the value of the cost function. 1> X = [1 1; 1 2; 1 3]; 2> Y = [1; 2; 3]; 3> Theta = [0; 1]; % records is 0, 1 h (x) = x. The value of the cost function is 04> J = costfunctionj (X, Y, theta) 5 J = 0. 1> Theta = [0; 0]; % values is 0, 0 h (x) = 0. data cannot be fitted at this time. 2> J = costfunctionj (X, Y, theta) 3 J = 2.33334 5> (1 ^ 2 + 2 ^ 2 + 3 ^ 2)/(2*3) % value of the cost function 6 ans = 2

Machine learning defines learning definitionArthur Samuel (1959). Machine Learning:field of study, gives computers the ability to learn without being explicitly programmed.There is no clear programming case to make the computer capable of learning the field of study.Four par

regression as shown below, (note that in matlab the vector subscript starts at 1, so the theta0 should be theta (1)).MATLAB implementation of the logistic regression the function code is as follows:function[J, Grad] =Costfunctionreg (Theta, X, y, Lambda)%costfunctionreg Compute Cost andgradient for logistic regression with regularization% J=Costfunctionreg (Theta, X, y, Lambda) computes the cost of using% theta as the parameter for regularized logistic re Gression andthe% Gradient of the cost w

,....} (A is the 1th word in the dictionary and Nip is the No. 35000 Word). So for naive Bayes, it can be expressed as the following matrix (the 1th element of the matrix is 1, and the No. 35000 element is also 1)in the multinomial event model, it is expressed as,. This means that the 1th word of the message is a, and the No. 35000 Word is nip. In this case, if the 3rd word in the message is a, the naive is unchanged, but the representation in the Multinomial event model will be x3=1. This allow

algorithm solves the problem of large optimization by decomposing it into several small optimization problems. These small optimization problems are often easy to solve, and the results of sequential solution are consistent with the results of solving them as a whole.The SMO works based on the coordinate ascent algorithm.1, coordinate ascentAssume that the optimization problem is:We select one of the parameters in turn to optimize this parameter, which causes the W function to grow fastest.The

Terryj.sejnowski. (c) function interval and geometric interval of support vector machineto understand support vector machines (vectormachine), you must first understand the function interval and the geometry interval. Assume that the dataset is linearly divided. first change the symbol, the category y desirable value from {0,1} to { -1,1}, assuming that the function g is:The objective function H also consists of:Into:wherein, Equation 15 x,θεRn+1, and X0=1. In Equation 16, x,ωεRN,b replaces the

returnWhen the classification problem is no longer two yuan but K yuan, that is, y∈{1,2,..., k}. We can solve this classification problem by constructing the generalized linear model. The following steps are described.Suppose y obeys exponential family distribution, φi = P (y = i;φ) and known. So. We also define.Also 1{} The condition for the representation in parentheses is the true value of the entire equation is 1, otherwise 0. So (T (y)) i = 1{y = i}. From the knowledge of probability theor

equal to 0.3. Optimal interval classifierThe optimal interval classifier can be defined asSo set its limit toSo its LaGrand day operator isThe derivation of its factors is obtained by:ObtainedIt is possible to differentiate its factor B by:The (9) type (8) can beAnd then by the (10) type of generationSo the dual optimization problem can be expressed as:The problem of dual optimization can be obtained, so that the Jiewei of B can be obtained by (9).For a new data point x, you can make prediction

Programmers who have turned to AI have followed this number ☝☝☝ Author: Lisa Song Microsoft Headquarters Cloud Intelligence Advanced data scientist, now lives in Seattle. With years of experience in machine learning and deep learning, we are familiar with the requirements analysis, architecture design, algorithmic development and integrated deployment of