Basic Linux Knowledge

0. Preface

as a just learning Linux Small white, embark on this road is also extremely accidental reason, for computer knowledge only stay in play game and Point mouse stage of me, want to share with you my study process, and learning content, hope can not have any Linux experience of people , and played a meager help.

1. Basic Computer Knowledge

1.1 Computer systems by hardware (Hardware) systems and software (software)

650) this.width=650; "Src=" Https://s4.51cto.com/oss/201711/19/0c5c01b47644c43a30f1afb882d39d44.jpg-wh_500x0-wm_3 -wmp_4-s_2683500533.jpg "title=" 091737w3a47hj1j34k4ckk.jpg "alt=" 0c5c01b47644c43a30f1afb882d39d44.jpg-wh_ "/>

Bo Master understand: For lack of computer knowledge or foundation of the people more difficult to understand, but with the depth of understanding, will gradually understand that the simple hardware is to see the touch, software is to help us to interact with the computer tools.

1.2 von Neumann system

650) this.width=650; "Src=" Https://s3.51cto.com/oss/201711/19/5dea02ba3ff43251f7e7bdc68591d4cb.jpg-wh_500x0-wm_3 -wmp_4-s_3576490883.jpg "title=" 0.jpg "alt=" 5dea02ba3ff43251f7e7bdc68591d4cb.jpg-wh_ "/>

In simple terms, the von Neumann system specifies that the digital computer's number is binary; the computer should be executed in the order of the program. Hardware equipment must have an operator, controller, memory, input device, output device, wherein the input device device is generally the mouse keyboard, output device is generally the display, memory is what we usually say memory and hard disk, the operator and controller and become the central Processing unit (CPU).

Bo Master understand: Von Neumann is a very great mathematician, now the most advanced computer must follow the von Neumann system, well-deserved father of the computer.

1.3 Specific Hardware Introduction

Simple Introduction to computer hardware

Bloggers explain: Here is not specifically introduced, I put the detailed introduction of the link attached, interested in the words can go to see.

2. Server

2.1 What is a server

Server servers are a kind of computer, a high-performance computer that provides a variety of services to client computers in the network, and the server, under the control of the network operating system, provides its attached hard drives, tapes, printers, and expensive dedicated communication devices to the customers ' sites on the network, as well as to provide centralized computing for network users. , information dissemination and data management services

Server By application function can be divided into:

WEB server, database server, mail server, file server, middleware application server, log server, monitoring server, program version control server, virtual machine server, print server, domain control server, multimedia server, communication Server, ERP server, etc.

Servers are categorized by form factor:

Tower servers, rack servers, blade servers

2.2 Server three major operating systems

Windows

Linux

Unix

Bo Master Analysis: After understanding the computer, then understand that the server is also a computer, and the server operating system, one is Linux. This is why the computer and the server are introduced.

3. Linux operating system

3.1 Linux

Linux is a free-to-use and free-to-propagate Unix-like operating system, a POSIX and Unix-based multiuser, multitasking, multi-threaded and multi-CPU operating system. It can run major UNIX tools software, applications, and network protocols. It supports 32-bit and 64-bit hardware. Linux inherits the design idea of Unix as the core of network, and is a stable multi-user network operating system.

The Linux operating system was born on October 5, 1991 (This is the first time the official outward announcement). There are many different Linux versions of Linux, but they all use the Linux kernel. Linux can be installed in a variety of computer hardware devices, such as mobile phones, tablets, routers, video game consoles, desktops, mainframes, and supercomputers.

Strictly speaking, the word Linux itself only represents the Linux kernel, but in fact people have become accustomed to using Linux to describe the entire Linux kernel, and use the GNU engineering various tools and databases of the operating system.

3.2 Open Source

Open Source: Open source, software and source code available to everyone

Free distribution of software and source code

Ability to modify and create derivative works

bo main analysis: Linux source code open, meaning if you have the strength to make their own Linux, you can modify the operating system.

3.3 Linux Philosophical thought

Everything is a file (including hardware)

Small, single-use programs

Link programs to accomplish complex tasks together

Avoid confusing user interfaces

Configuration data is stored in text

bo Master analysis: Introduced here, Linux has been completely exposed to everyone, the following began to a system of users began to learn the Linux kernel based on the important operating system CentOS.

4. Virtual machines, CentOS

4.1 Virtual Machines

Learning the CentOS operating system must run a virtual program on a virtual computer, and we can download a virtual machine software on our Windows system computer, where VMware is the recommended software.

4.2 CentOS

CentOS, full name Community Enterprise Operating System, Chinese name is community Enterprise operating system. is an enterprise-class Linux distribution based on Red Hat Linux that provides free access to source code. Because of the same source code, some servers that require a high degree of stability are used with CentOS instead of the commercial version of Red Hat Enterprise Linux. Each version of CentOS will receive a ten-year support. The new version of CentOS is released approximately once every two years, and each version of CentOS is updated periodically to support new hardware.

blogger said: "Here, a complete Linux kernel of the CentOS operating system is complete, I do not introduce the use of VMware and CentOS installation, if there is something wrong to welcome you to help me correct."

This article is from the "Linux_ Fu Lei" blog, be sure to keep this source http://fulei.blog.51cto.com/13473432/1983266

Basic Linux Knowledge