1. The file name is preceded by a ".", which means " hidden file ".
2.chgrp: Change the user group to which the file belongs
chown: Changing the file owner
chmod: Change the permissions of the file//r=4,w=2 x=1;
3. File default permissions:umasK;umask's fractional value refers to the permission that the default value needs to be dropped . The permissions that//002 represents are removed by 2.
4. When a file has special permissions for SUID , it means that when the user executes the binary program, the user temporarily has the program owner's permission during the execution process;
When a directory has special permissions on a GUID , the user group that is created on behalf of the user under this directory will be the same as the user group for that directory;
When a directory has special permissions for sbit , the files created by the user on behalf of the directory are deleted only by itself and by Root.
Basic Linux Learning