Linux and Windows Interop files/user profiles and password profiles/user group management/user Management

2.27linux and Windows inter-pass files

3.1 User profile and password configuration files

3.2 User Group Management

3.3 User Management

Linux and Windows inter-pass files

Show Dates Date

[Email protected]_1 ~]# Date

November 21, 2017 Tuesday 08:38:25 CST

Display System language

[Email protected]_1 ~]# Echo $LANG

Zh_cn. UTF-8

[Email protected]_1 ~]# Stat 1.txt.bak

File: "1.txt.bak"

Size: 103 Block: 8 IO block: 4096 normal file

Device: 803h/2051d inode:67246931 hard Link: 2

Permissions: (0644/-rw-r--r--) Uid: (0/root) Gid: (0/root)

Last visited: 2017-11-21 08:13:27.682128609 +0800

Last modified: 2017-11-21 08:13:27.682128609 +0800

Last modified: 2017-11-21 08:17:32.976796900 +0800

Creation Time:-

Temporarily set to English:

[Email protected]_1 ~]# lang=en

[Email protected]_1 ~]# Stat 1.txt.bak

File: ' 1.txt.bak '

size:103 blocks:8 IO block:4096 Regular file

device:803h/2051d inode:67246931 Links:2

Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--) Uid: (0/root) Gid: (0/root)

Access:2017-11-21 08:13:27.682128609 +0800

Modify:2017-11-21 08:13:27.682128609 +0800

Change:2017-11-21 08:17:32.976796900 +0800

Birth:-

Linux and Windows inter-pass files:

Premises using Xshell or Securect

Yum Install-y Lrzsz

SZ file Linux upload to Windows/mac

RZ file Windows/mac uploaded to Linux under current directory

User profile and password configuration files

User's password core profile:

cat/etc/passwd

Xiaobo:x:1000:1000::/home/xiaobo:/bin/bash

Xiaobo User Name

X is the password (but hidden, and not put here)

The first 1000 is the UID

The second 1000 is a GID.

/home/xiaobo is home directory

/bin/bash User Login Shell

Files dedicated to user passwords (colon divided into 9 segments)

Cat/etc/shaow

xiaobo:!! : 17486:0:99999:7:::

The first paragraph is the user name

The second paragraph is the password (encryption)

Make two commands in a row with a semicolon to divide:

Display the first and last lines at the same time

[Email protected]_1 ~]# Head-n1/etc/shadow; Tail-n1/etc/shadow

Root:$6$4.plhnd4$o6rzo3hbhuifsgoewt8sjsay5edw7qf9pviflasx3x/ev8ps1m17jb174hjtzimezxzit9jgqrdqhejthm/fa. : 17485:0:99999:7:::

User1:$6$vxwmfyhk$3k5jv3.tf/16mbqkjbdlj6njfpuymxu6eriwfoyyzrcres0ziwxa138/fbgo4pvad1xp4b2gorkdmw/bcx5lm0 : 17491:0:99999:7:::

The date the password was last changed (the date is calculated as the number of days starting January 1, 1970)

View Manpage Shadow

Mans Shadow

Know

The meaning of each field is:

· Sp_namp-pointer to a null-terminated user name

· SP_PWDP-pointer to a null-terminated password

· SP_LSTCHG-

The date the password was last changed (the date is calculated as the number of days starting January 1, 1970)

· Sp_min-days before which password may is not changed

· Sp_max-days after which password must be changed

· Sp_warn-days before password is to expire, user is warned of

Pending password expiration

· Sp_inact-days after password expires the account is considered

Inactive and disabled

· Sp_expire-days since Jan 1, 1970 when account would be disabled

· Sp_flag-reserved for future use

User Group Management

Group Configuration Password:

[Email protected]_1 ~]# Ls/etc/gshadow

Gshadow gshadow-

[Email protected]_1 ~]# Ls/etc/shadow

Shadow shadow-

[Email protected]_1 ~]# ls/etc/passwd

passwd passwd-

To store user groups:

[Email protected]_1 ~]# Ls/etc/group

Group group-

The trailing minus "-" indicates that the system automatically backs up files;

Add Group: Groupadd GRP1

Tail-n1/etc/group

[Email protected]_1 ~]# Groupadd GRP1

[Email protected]_1 ~]# Tail-n1/etc/group

GRP1:X:1003:

Add a group and set the group ID (GID)

[Email protected]_1 ~]# groupadd-g 1005 Grp2

[Email protected]_1 ~]# Tail-n3/etc/group

SLOCATE:X:21:

GRP1:X:1003:

GRP2:X:1005:

Delete a group

[Email protected]_1 ~]# Groupdel GRP2

You cannot delete a group if there are members in it:

[Email protected]_1 ~]# Groupdel user1

Groupdel: Unable to remove the primary group for user "User1"

To remove a user before deleting a group

User Management

Create user

[Email protected]_1 ~]# useradd user2

[Email protected]_1 ~]# tail-n2/etc/passwd

User1:x:1002:1002::/home/user1:/bin/bash

User2:x:1003:1004::/home/user2:/bin/bash

UID starting from 1000

The user's UID and user group can be specified at the time of creation, and the user name is User3

[Email protected]_1 ~]# useradd-u 1005-g grp1 User3

[Email protected]_1 ~]# tail-n1/etc/passwd

User3:x:1005:1003::/home/user3:/bin/bash

[Email protected]_1 ~]# Tail-n1/etc/group

GRP1:X:1003:

Create a uid=1007 for the specified user, belong to the GRP1 group, home directory/home/xiaobo11, specify the user's shell-s/sbin/nologin

[Email protected]_1 ~]# useradd-u 1007-g grp1-d/home/xiaobo11-s/sbin/nologin user5

Do not create a home directory when creating a user

[Email protected]_1 ~]# useradd-m User6

[Email protected]_1 ~]# tail-n1/etc/passwd

User6:x:1008:1008::/home/user6:/bin/bash

[Email protected]_1 ~]# ls/home/

user1/user3/xiaobo11/

By default, when the user is added, the UID will automatically increment when the UID is not set, and the GID is not self-increasing.

AddUser and Useradd commands are the same.

To delete a user command:

Userdel User3

But does not automatically delete the home directory;

Delete the user at the same time delete home directory:

Userdel-r User3

Usermod

Set User uid:

Usermod-u 111 username

Set up user gid

Usermod-g GID username

Set up user home directory

Usermod-d/home/xiaobo11

Set up a user's expansion group

Usermod-g GRP1 Xiaobo

[[email protected]_1 ~]# ID Xiaobo

uid=1009 (Xiaobo) gid=1009 (Xiaobo) group =1009 (Xiaobo)

Add a GRP1 group for Xiaobo users

[Email protected]_1 ~]# usermod-g GRP1 Xiaobo

[[email protected]_1 ~]# ID Xiaobo

uid=1009 (Xiaobo) gid=1009 (Xiaobo) group =1009 (Xiaobo), 1003 (GRP1)

To continue adding extension groups for Xiaobo users, GRP1 will be replaced

[Email protected]_1 ~]# usermod-g Grp2 Xiaobo

[[email protected]_1 ~]# ID Xiaobo

uid=1009 (Xiaobo) gid=1009 (Xiaobo) group =1009 (Xiaobo), 1010 (GRP2)

Change Password

passwd User Name

[Email protected]_1 ~]# passwd Xiaobo

Password is encrypted

[Email protected]_1 ~]# Tail-n1/etc/shadow

Xiaobo:$6$wxnvexw. $MVNPP 6gvutmmjdzfe.ivecna70lqp2nqdskhw1guw3u3uvctb.cwivkqjx5pyadd8n/fgcj0lbibvpwtppt2a0 : 17491:0:99999:7:::

If the password is *, the user is locked out of the login

Bin:*:17110:0:99999:7:::

If the user password is empty, it is two!! Number, the user cannot log on

user4:!! : 17491:0:99999:7:::

Lock user Password

[Email protected]_1 ~]# passwd-l Xiaobo

Locks the password of the user Xiaobo.

PASSWD: Successful operation

[Email protected]_1 ~]# Tail-n1/etc/shadow

xiaobo:!! $6$wxnvexw. $MVNPP 6gvutmmjdzfe.ivecna70lqp2nqdskhw1guw3u3uvctb.cwivkqjx5pyadd8n/fgcj0lbibvpwtppt2a0 : 17491:0:99999:7:::

Unlock user Password

[Email protected]_1 ~]# passwd-u Xiaobo

Unlocks the user Xiaobo password.

PASSWD: Successful operation

[Email protected]_1 ~]# Tail-n1/etc/shadow

Xiaobo:$6$wxnvexw. $MVNPP 6gvutmmjdzfe.ivecna70lqp2nqdskhw1guw3u3uvctb.cwivkqjx5pyadd8n/fgcj0lbibvpwtppt2a0 : 17491:0:99999:7:::

You can also lock the user's password with usermod

[Email protected]_1 ~]# usermod-l Xiaobo

[Email protected]_1 ~]# Tail-n1/etc/shadow

Xiaobo:!$6$wxnvexw. $MVNPP 6gvutmmjdzfe.ivecna70lqp2nqdskhw1guw3u3uvctb.cwivkqjx5pyadd8n/fgcj0lbibvpwtppt2a0 : 17491:0:99999:7:::

Unlock user Password

[Email protected]_1 ~]# usermod-u Xiaobo

[Email protected]_1 ~]# Tail-n1/etc/shadow

Xiaobo:$6$wxnvexw. $MVNPP 6gvutmmjdzfe.ivecna70lqp2nqdskhw1guw3u3uvctb.cwivkqjx5pyadd8n/fgcj0lbibvpwtppt2a0 : 17491:0:99999:7:::

You can also change the user password in this way:

[Email protected]_1 ~]# passwd--stdin Xiaobo

Change the password for the user Xiaobo.

Xiaobo

PASSWD: All the authentication tokens have been successfully updated.

Change Password in shell script

[Email protected]_1 ~]# echo "123456" |passwd--stdin Xiaobo

Change the password for the user Xiaobo.

PASSWD: All the authentication tokens have been successfully updated.

where | is the pipe character, the front echo "12345" to the back of the passwd

Echo-e "123\nsss"

\ n line break

[Email protected]_1 ~]# echo-e "123\nsss"

123

Sss

You can also change the password in this way

[Email protected]_1 ~]# echo-e "12345\n12345" |passwd Xiaobo

Change the password for the user Xiaobo.

New Password: invalid password: password less than 8 characters

Re-enter the new password: passwd: All authentication tokens have been successfully updated.

Linux and Windows Interop files/user profiles and password profiles/user group management/user Management