Linux Basic Five

Yum Package Management

Yum: Software update mechanism based on RPM package construction

Automatically resolve package dependencies

All packages are provided by a centralized Yum software repository.

[[email protected] desktop] #ls/misc/cd/repodata/

(Repodata: Warehouse manifest file)

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Prepare the local Yum repository:

How the software warehouse is delivered

Local directory: file:///...

FTP or HTTP service: ftp://..,http://...

Source of RPM Packages

A collection of RPM packages released by Red Hat

Third-party, user-defined RPM package collection

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Prepare the local Yum repository

Use the Rhel6iso mirrored RPM package as the Yum repository

Trigger mount point [[email protected] Desktop]CD/MISC/CD

Yum Configuration parsing

Major files that affect Yum usage

Basic settings:/etc/yum.conf

Warehouse Configuration:/etc/yum.repos.d/xx.repo

Log file:/var/log/yum.log

Yum Cache Directory

Store data such as download packages, warehouse records, etc.

/var/cache/yum/$basearch/$releasever

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Yum Configuration parsing:

. Repo

[Original name]: custom Name

-name: The description string of the software source

-baseurl: Specify the URL address of the Yum server

-enabled: Whether to enable this channel (enable 1/Do not enable 0)

-gpgcheck: Whether to verify the RPM package to be installed

-gpgkey: Key file for RPM package verification

[[email protected] desktop] #cd/etc/yum.repos.d/

[Email protected] yum.repos.d]# vim Hydra.repo

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View software Information

View Software list

Format: Yum search [software name] (search included)

Format: Yum list [software name] (list strict match)

[[email protected] Desktop] #yum list//List of packages

......

Installde Packages//Installed Packages

......

Available Packages//Available packages

.......

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Query software and related information

Format: Yum search keywords

Yum info [software name]

Yum provides document path

[[Email protected] Desktop]# Yum search http (find keywords httpd)

[Email protected] Desktop]# Yum info httpd (see description of software httpd)

[[Email protected] Desktop]# yum provides/etc/passwd (see which software can provide/ETC/PASSDE files)

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Emptying the local Yum cache

Applies to Yum cache if there is an error

The cache is automatically rebuilt when queried or updated again

[[email protected] desktop] #yum repolist (query cache)

[[email protected] desktop] #yum clean all (empty all caches)

[[email protected] desktop] #yum repolist (updated when querying again)

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Manually Mount Yum

[[Email protected]~]mount/dev/cdrom/mnt/(Mount)

[[Email protected]~]rm-rf/etc/yum.repos.d/* (before deleting the Yum configuration)

[[Email Protected]~]vim/etc/yum.repos.d/xx.repo

[XX]

Name=hydra

Baseurl=:///mnt

Enabled=1

Gpgheck=0

[[Email Protected]~]yum Clean all]

[[Email Protected]~]yum repolist (re-find Yum source)

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Basic Package operation

Format: Yum [-y] directive [software name]

Common directives

Install: Installs the specified package. Similar to Rpm-i

Update: Upgrade the specified package

Remove: Uninstalls the specified package, similar to RPM-E

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Query/install/uninstall software Group

Basic operations for Software groups

Format: Yum [-y] directive [package group name]

Common directives

Grouplist: View a list of software groups

GroupInfo: Viewing description information for a software group

Groupinstall: Installing the specified software group

Groupupdate: Upgrading software Groups

Groupremove: Uninstalling software groups

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Installing the RHEL6 Graphics environment

[[email protected] desktop] #LANG =en

[Email protected] #yum-y groupinstall "desktop" "Fonts" "X Windows System"

Installing the RHEL6 development environment

[[email protected] desktop] #LANG =en

[[email protected] desktop] #yum-y groupstall "Development Tools"

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KVM Config same network segment transfer file

[[email protected] desktop] #cat/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

[[email protected] desktop] #vim/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

Device=eth0

Hwaddr=00:0c:29:56:de:13

Type=ethernet

Onboot=yes

Nm_controlled=yes

Bootproto=static

ipaddr=192.168.4.10

netmask=255.255.255.0

[[email protected] desktop] #service network Restart (restart Web service to take effect)

[[Email protected] Desktop]# scp/root/desktop/linuxqq-v1.0.2-beta1.i386.rpm 192.168.4.10:/root/

(Transfer this machine's files to 192.168.4.10 's/root/)

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Source Code Compilation Installation

Advantages of using source code to install software

Get the latest version of the software, fix bugs in time, select/Customize the software features on demand

With more software to choose from, the source package is available for a variety of platforms

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Preparing the Environment for compilation

Open source software is developed using C + + language

Need to compile tools like GCC make

Install the development Tools software group with Yum to resolve

[[email protected] desktop] #gcc--version

..........

[[email protected] Desktop] #g + +-version

..........

[[email protected] desktop] #make--version

..........

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Basic procedures for compiling and installing:

Download the source code package, Tar unpack, release the sources to the specified directory

./configure configuration, specifying options such as installation directory/function module

Make compile, generate executable binary program Files

Make install to copy the compiled files to the installation directory

[[email protected] desktop] #tar-xf/root/httpd-2.2.25.tar.gz-c/data/

[[email protected] desktop] #cd/data/httpd-httpd-2.2.25/

[[email protected] httpd-2.2.25]#./configure--prefix=/opt/http (./configure configuration, specify installation directory under Opt/http)

[[email protected] httpd-2.2.25] #make (Compile)

[[email protected] httpd-2.2.25] #make install (compile and install)

[[email protected] httpd-2.2.25] #cd/opt/myhppd/(to directory)

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Linux Basic Five