Linux directory structure and file handling

1. Hierarchy of Linux file systems

1) understand the tree structure of the Linux file system:
In a Linux or Unix operating system, all files and directories are organized into an inverted tree structure that starts with the root node.
2) Master the definition of the directory: The directory is equivalent to a folder in Windows, the directory can be stored in either a file or other subdirectories.
3) Master the presentation of the top-level root directory:
Use "/" to represent the root directory
4) Understand the two special directories in the file system:
. Represents the current directory, which is the working directory where the user resides
.. Represents the parent directory, which is the previous level of the current directory

Some important directories in the 2.Linux system

1) Mastering some of the important directories in Linux

A) Bin directory: used to store common executable files
b) Sbin directory: The executable file used to store the system
c) Home directory: Used to store the user's own files or directories, where Superuser Root's home directory is/root,

The home directory of the normal user is stored in the/House directory, and the user name is used as the name of the last level directory (home directory), such as the cat user's home directory is/home/cat
d) Dev directory: Device files directory
e) Etc Directory: Configuration file directory

f) mount point (directory): Typically removable hardware is mounted under the/media or/mnt directory

g) mnt, opt, media directory: Casual use

h) TMP Directory: Temp file directory

3. Absolute and relative paths

1) Master the definition of absolute path: Must start with a forward slash (/). An absolute path consists of the name of each directory that must be traversed from the root node of the file system to the object (directory or file) to look for, which is the complete signpost to the file location, so you can use an absolute path to find the desired file in any case.
2) Master the definition of a relative path: instead of starting with a forward slash (/), a relative path can contain the name of each directory that must be traversed from the current target to the object (directory or file) to find.

Linux directory structure and file handling