Old boy teacher Curriculum learning notes----Linux Recording special

The Linux catalogue's special

1,/root is the vertex of all the items

2. The structure is like an inverted tree

3, the catalogue and the magnetic disc division is not related

4,/root under different records may be different in the region and the magnetic plates

5, all the records are in accordance with certain categories of the organization and named

Linux equipment If you do not have to see the entrance, like there is no window of the prison

If you want to be interviewed, you have to give this facility an entrance.

This entry is called an upload point, and the manifest of the load point is a

Mount

Light is also a setup---> CDROM

Mount/dev/cdrom/mnt

/First Plate System program

/usr Second tray user program

To set out some basic things:

***

/dev Setup Catalog

(1)/etc System Configuration service configuration file, Activation command of the catalogue

The following will put

Some binary software packages (yum,rpm configuration file:

Fstab

Issue

Motd

Profile

resolv.conf

passwd

Networks

Service activation commands stored in the catalogue/EC/INIT.D

(2)/home general user's records of the records stored

(3)/mnt is generally used for the purpose of downloading the storage

(4)/proc operation system, process information and internal nuclear information (such as CPU, hard disc, storage information, etc.)

stored here. /proc hypocrites the Document System proc, Proc is not a real file system,

Its definition can be seen in/etc/fstab

[Email protected] ~]# cat/proc/loadavg (meminfo stored information, Cpuinfo CPU information, mounts download information)

0.00 0.00 0.00) 1/168 2553

(5) Most of the/sbin is the command and storage involved in the management of the system, which is a manageable command place for the super-user root, which is logged and

/usr/sbin or/usr/x11r6/sbin or/usr/local/sbin are similar; the command of the system, through sudo, allows the user to perform

Example:

FDISK Division

Fsck Magnetic Check

Halt aircraft

Ifconfig View IP

Init line level

MKFS formatting

mkfs* formatting

Mkswap initialization of the swap space

Reboot re-start the machine

Route configuration Routing

(6)/tmp temporary documentation, sometimes when the procedure is run, will produce a temporary document. /tmp is used to store the < of the temporary file

Special rights. /var/tmp is similar to this catalogue

(7)/USR system storage program, such as commands, help files. There are a lot of documents and records under this catalogue. When we installed an official Linux version of the installation package, most of the installed inside

There are some important folders on the inside:

/usr/bin---> User can perform file catalogue

/usr/lib

/usr/local

/usr/sbin

/usr/share

/USR/SRC---> Program source code Catalogue

(8)/var This is a constant change in the contents of this catalogue. (Var doesn't usually have to be separated!!! Just put it on the root to Gone)

/var under/var/log This is used to store the records of the system log, the system log path/var/log/messages. /var/www is a custom Apache server station store Catalog

/var/lib store Some library files/var/log/secure login information

Summary: Important records back

/dev/ Equipment Catalogue

/etc/ System Configuration Service configuration file, Activation command's catalogue

/proc Virtual file system showing internal and process information

/ tmp temporary documentation, public WC, guest Hall

Home for ordinary user, Minister's home ~

/root senior manager's home record, royal Palace

/ var change of the record, is usually a log file, the cache of the catalogue

/ usr user programs and figures, help files, binary commands, etc.

/bin General user commands

/sbin and/usr/sbin/ Super User's command catalogue

Important subdirectory configuration stating:

(1)/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0----> Configure network address and GW, etc.

1. Re-activate the network card/etc/init.d/network restart (affect all Internet cards)

2.ifdown eth0 && ifup eth0 only pin to eth0 Web card

3. Through Setup--"Network Configuration" to modify the network card is configured in this file

[[email protected] ~]# Cat/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0device=eth0---> Equipment name eth1 represents the second card hwaddr=00:0c : 29:fe:c6:a9---> Card's MAC address, 48-bit type=ethernet---> Ethernet uuid=a414c6d9-f88d-4f92-ac02-322bea0dfb6d---> The unique logo of the onboot=yes---> control the network card is not the startup Nm_controlled=yesbootproto=dhcp--and wherein, Proto takes one of the following values: None, the guide does not use the protocol; static To assign addresses in a static state; BOOTP uses BOOTP protocol; DHCP uses DHCP userctl=nopeerdns=yesipv6init=noipaddr=10.10.0.7-->addr is the IP address netmask= 255.255.255.0---Subnet mask, network and host dns2=202.106.0.20-->dns turn baidu.com into a Baidu server IP. DNS is the domain name and IP Resolution tool gateway=10.0.0.254---> Network address, the address of the router dns1=8.8.8.8--->dns1

(2)/etc/resolv.conf Setup linux Local client DNS configuration file

1.linux client DNS can be set in the network card configuration file (Ifcfg-eth0)

2.linux client DNS can also be set at/etc/resolv.conf

3.linux the DNS of the network card is first/etc/resolv.conf, if you restart the network, the DNS of the card will overwrite the/etc/resolv.conf's setup

(3)/etc/hosts set User IP to the name (or domain name) of the response table, as compared to the LAN local area network DNS

The role of the Enterprise: (1) development, product, testing and other people, for through the formal domain name test products (2) The service of the adjustment can be used domain name (internal DNS) convenient climate move.

(4)/etc/sysconfig/network can modify the machine name and network card re-activation, network and other settings

View the host name: UNAME-N or hostname

Changing the name of the host needs to be modifiedsimultaneously: (1) vi/etc/sysconfig/network

Sed-i ' S#hostname=oldboy#hostname=oldgirl#g '/etc/sysconfig/network

(2) Hostname name of the host machine

(5)/etc/fstab A file that is to be downloaded by the system

Fstab Once the configuration is wrong, it will cause the server to be unable to open the machine

[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/fstabuuid=ed6f055b-bc3c-4d26-a7a5-716b97e9b96c /                         ext4    defaults         1 1UUID=76c2b9be-5627-4ac5-bc24-390106eef921 /boot                    ext4    defaults         1 2uuid=3203c207-cb45-4f30-b07c-5b7adf2241f9 swap                      swap    defaults        0 0tmpfs         /dev/shm        tmpfs    defaults&nbsP;       0 0devpts       /dev/pts         devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0sysfs         /sys             sysfs   defaults        0 0proc          /proc            proc    defaults        0  0 Download    load points      file system type       download option     whether it is ready    whether the machine is ready for inspection (FSCK)

(6) The /etc/rc.local is used to store the files from the Open program commands (Chkconfig is often used to manage the service of the yum/rpm installed program). Self-developed program software, accustomed to the launch of the command into the/etc/rc.local, the actual activation of these programs

The/etc/rc.local in the inside of the machine.

How to use the business: Chkconfig and/etc/rc.local, you can choose the file of the/etc/rc.local server

(7) When the/etc/inittab system is initiated, the INIT process will set the system to the Cheng of the RunLevel class and the load-related class-action file configuration

Linux startup process

(8)/etc/init.d This record is used to store the software that has been installed through the Yum or RPM tool to activate the program.

(9)/etc/profile system Global environment variable permanent configuration file

Defining names and Path variables

Alias rm= ' echo ' rm cmd doesn ' t to be used "'

Path change

User's environmental change: ~/.bash_profile or ~/.BASHRC

/ETC/PROFILE.D Download the system login procedure a record, order, or document exists alone! exists in the form of a file (*.sh is an extension) but can be executed.

A springboard, which will download the/ETC/PROFILE.D under this catalogue

(one)/var/log/secure system security log file

(/var/log/messages)

(/usr/local)

/var/spool/cron/root Scheduled Task crontab The path, a file that is named by the user name

(/USR/LOG/SRC)

(/PROC) The important path under the

/proc

/proc/version

/proc/cpuinfo

/proc/meminfo

/PROC/LOADAVAG System load average information (System busy, more accurate, but not enough system performance standard), uptime the results * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * See download Top,uptime

/proc/interrupts is being used by the interrupt, and the ambassador how many of the interrupted

/proc/mounts

C.P's staff Summary: http://yangrong.blog.51cto.com/6945369/1288072

This article is from my Linux Dreams blog, so be sure to keep this source http://12098022.blog.51cto.com/12088022/1945492

Old boy teacher Curriculum learning notes----Linux Recording special