C#在winform中實現資料增刪改查等功能_C#教程

winform中利用ado.net實現對單表的增刪改查的詳細例子，具體如下：

1.前言：

運行環境：VS2013+SQL2008+Windows10

程式介面預覽：

使用的主要控制項：dataGridview和menuStrip等。

 2.功能具體介紹：

1.首先，我們要先實現基本的資料操作，增刪改查這幾個操作。

（1）先定義一個資料庫操作的公用類：

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using System.Data;using System.Configuration;using System.Data.SqlClient;using System.Security.Cryptography;namespace Data{ class SqlDesigner {  private static string connStr = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["data"].ConnectionString;  /// <summary>  /// 返回受影響的資料行數  /// </summary>  /// <param name="sql"></param>  /// <returns></returns>  public static int ExecuteNoQuery(string sql)  {   using (SqlConnection conn=new SqlConnection(connStr))   {    conn.Open();    using (SqlCommand cmd=conn.CreateCommand())    {     cmd.CommandText = sql;     return cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();         }   }  }  /// <summary>  /// 返回一個資料集  /// </summary>  /// <param name="sql"></param>  /// <returns></returns>  public static DataSet ExecuteDataSet(string sql)  {   using (SqlConnection xonn=new SqlConnection(connStr))   {    xonn.Open();    using (SqlCommand cmd = xonn.CreateCommand())    {     cmd.CommandText = sql;     SqlDataAdapter adapter = new SqlDataAdapter(cmd);     DataSet dataset = new DataSet();     adapter.Fill(dataset);     return dataset;    }   }  }  public static object ExecuteScalar(string sql)  {   using (SqlConnection conn=new SqlConnection(connStr))   {    conn.Open();    using (SqlCommand cmd=conn.CreateCommand())    {     cmd.CommandText = sql;     return cmd.ExecuteScalar();    }   }  }  /// <summary>  /// md5加密  /// </summary>  /// <param name="strPwd"></param>  /// <returns></returns>  public static string GetMD5(string strPwd)  {   string pwd = "";   //執行個體化一個md5對象   MD5 md5 = MD5.Create();   // 加密後是一個位元組類型的數組   byte[] s = md5.ComputeHash(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(strPwd));   //翻轉產生的MD5碼     s.Reverse();   //通過使用迴圈，將位元組類型的數群組轉換為字串，此字串是常規字元格式設定化所得   //只取MD5碼的一部分，這樣惡意訪問者無法知道取的是哪幾位   for (int i = 3; i < s.Length - 1; i++)   {    //將得到的字串使用十六進位類型格式。格式後的字元是小寫字母，如果使用大寫（X）則格式後的字元是大寫字元    //進一步對產生的MD5碼做一些改造    pwd = pwd + (s[i] < 198 ? s[i] + 28 : s[i]).ToString("X");   }   return pwd;  }  }}

（2）運用建立的公用類，進行資料庫的操作：

a.資料查詢：

ds = SqlDesigner.ExecuteDataSet("select * from dtuser");   dt = ds.Tables[0];   dataGridView1.DataSource = dt;

b.資料添加

 i = SqlDesigner.ExecuteNoQuery("insert into dtuser(uid,uname,pwd,uflag)values('" + textBox1.Text + "','" + textBox2.Text + "','" +textBox3.Text+ "','" + textBox4.Text + "')");

c.資料刪除

string currentIndex = dataGridView1.CurrentRow.Cells[0].Value.ToString();i = SqlDesigner.ExecuteNoQuery("delete from dtuser where uid='" + currentIndex + "'");

d.資料修改

i = SqlDesigner.ExecuteNoQuery("update dtrole set rname='" + textBox2.Text + "',flag='" + textBox3.Text + "'where rid='" + textBox1.Text + "'");

e.一些細節

這裡，我們修改一下添加資料，讓添加的資料變成字串的形式，也就是加密操作：

string str = SqlDesigner.GetMD5(textBox3.Text.Trim());     i = SqlDesigner.ExecuteNoQuery("insert into dtuser(uid,uname,pwd,uflag)values('" + textBox1.Text + "','" + textBox2.Text + "','" + str + "','" + textBox4.Text + "')");

（3）dataGridView控制項：

//綁定資料來源dataGridView1.DataSource = dt;//自動適應列寬dataGridView1.Columns[1].AutoSizeMode = DataGridViewAutoSizeColumnMode.AllCells;

3.代碼僅供參考：

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.ComponentModel;using System.Data;using System.Drawing;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using System.Windows.Forms;namespace Data{ public partial class Form1 : Form {    public Form1()  {   InitializeComponent();     }           DataSet ds = new DataSet();  DataTable dt = new DataTable();  private void TextBoxNull()  {   textBox1.Text = "";   textBox2.Text = "";   textBox3.Text = "";   textBox4.Text = "";  }  private void 使用者ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)  {   TextBoxNull();   ds = SqlDesigner.ExecuteDataSet("select * from dtuser");      dt = ds.Tables[0];   dataGridView1.DataSource = dt;   labelshow();  }  private void 角色ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)  {   TextBoxNull();   ds = SqlDesigner.ExecuteDataSet("select *from dtrole");   dt = ds.Tables[0];   dataGridView1.DataSource = dt;   label4.Text = "None";   textBox4.Text = "None";   labelshow();  }  private void 對象ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)  {   TextBoxNull();   ds = SqlDesigner.ExecuteDataSet("select * from dtfunction");   dt = ds.Tables[0];   dataGridView1.DataSource = dt;   labelshow();  }  private void 協助ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)  {   TextBoxNull();   ds = SqlDesigner.ExecuteDataSet("select * from help");   dt = ds.Tables[0];   dataGridView1.DataSource = dt;   dataGridView1.Columns[1].AutoSizeMode = DataGridViewAutoSizeColumnMode.AllCells;  }  //雙擊dataGridView1  private void dataGridView1_CellDoubleClick(object sender, DataGridViewCellEventArgs e)  {   string index = dataGridView1.CurrentRow.Cells[0].Value.ToString();   if (label1.Text == "uid")   {    ds = SqlDesigner.ExecuteDataSet("select *from dtuser where uid='" + index + "'");    dt = ds.Tables[0];    DataRow row = dt.Rows[0];    textBox1.Text = row["uid"].ToString();    textBox2.Text = row["uname"].ToString();    textBox3.Text = row["pwd"].ToString();    textBox4.Text = row["uflag"].ToString();   }   if (label1.Text == "rid")   {    ds = SqlDesigner.ExecuteDataSet("select *from dtrole where rid='" + index + "'");    dt = ds.Tables[0];    DataRow row = dt.Rows[0];    textBox1.Text = row["rid"].ToString();    textBox2.Text = row["rname"].ToString();    textBox3.Text = row["flag"].ToString();    textBox4.Text = "None";   }   if (label1.Text == "fid")   {    ds = SqlDesigner.ExecuteDataSet("select *from dtfunction where fid='" + index + "'");    dt = ds.Tables[0];    DataRow row = dt.Rows[0];    textBox1.Text = row["fid"].ToString();    textBox2.Text = row["fname"].ToString();    textBox3.Text = row["flag"].ToString();    textBox4.Text = row["uflag"].ToString();   }  }  private void labelshow()   {   label1.Text = dataGridView1.Columns[0].HeaderText;   label2.Text = dataGridView1.Columns[1].HeaderText;   label3.Text = dataGridView1.Columns[2].HeaderText;   try   {    label4.Text = dataGridView1.Columns[3].HeaderText;   }   catch (Exception)   {    label4.Text = "None";   }                 }      private void btn_add_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)  {      int i = 0;   if (label1.Text=="uid")   {    string str = SqlDesigner.GetMD5(textBox3.Text.Trim());        i = SqlDesigner.ExecuteNoQuery("insert into dtuser(uid,uname,pwd,uflag)values('" + textBox1.Text + "','" + textBox2.Text + "','" + str + "','" + textBox4.Text + "')");   }   else if (label1.Text == "rid")   {        i = SqlDesigner.ExecuteNoQuery("insert into dtrole(rid,rname,flag)values('" + textBox1.Text + "','" + textBox2.Text + "','" + textBox3.Text + "')");   }   else   {    try    {     i = SqlDesigner.ExecuteNoQuery("insert into dtfunction(fid,rid,uid,uflag)values('" + textBox1.Text + "','" + textBox2.Text + "','" + textBox3.Text + "','" + textBox4.Text + "')");    }    catch (Exception)    {     MessageBox.Show("添加失敗");    }       }      if (i > 0)   {    MessageBox.Show("添加成功");   }   else   {    MessageBox.Show("添加失敗");   }            }    private void btn_del_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)  {   int i = 0;   string currentIndex = dataGridView1.CurrentRow.Cells[0].Value.ToString();   if (label1.Text=="uid")   {    i = SqlDesigner.ExecuteNoQuery("delete from dtuser where uid='" + currentIndex + "'");   }   else if (label1.Text=="fid")   {    i = SqlDesigner.ExecuteNoQuery("delete from dtfunction where fid='" + currentIndex + "'");   }   else   {    i = SqlDesigner.ExecuteNoQuery("delete from dtrole where rid='" + currentIndex + "'");   }   if (i > 0)   {    MessageBox.Show("刪除成功");   }   else   {    MessageBox.Show("刪除失敗");   }  }  private void btn_update_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)  {   int i = 0;   if (label1.Text == "rid")   {    i = SqlDesigner.ExecuteNoQuery("update dtrole set rname='" + textBox2.Text + "',flag='" + textBox3.Text + "'where rid='" + textBox1.Text + "'");   }   if (label1.Text == "uid")   {    i = SqlDesigner.ExecuteNoQuery("update dtuser set uname='" + textBox2.Text + "',pwd='" + textBox3.Text + "',uflag='" + textBox4.Text + "'where uid='" + textBox1.Text + "'");   }   if (label1.Text=="fid")   {    i = SqlDesigner.ExecuteNoQuery("update dtfunction set rid='" + textBox2.Text + "',uid='" + textBox3.Text + "',uflag='" + textBox4.Text + "'where fid='" + textBox1.Text + "'");   }   if (i > 0)   {    MessageBox.Show("Succeed！");   }   else   {    MessageBox.Show("Failed！");   }  }    }}

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