MySQL 使用mysqld_multi部署單機多執行個體詳細過程

MySQL 使用mysqld_multi部署單機多執行個體詳細過程

隨著硬體層面的發展，Linux系統多核已經是普通趨勢，而MySQL是單進程多線程，所以先天上對多進程的利用不是很高，雖然5.6版本已經在這方面改進很多，但是也沒有達到100%，所以為了充分的利用系統資源，MySQL有自己的補充，那就是可以部署多執行個體，一個執行個體一個連接埠。

1，準備好mysql環境

源碼安裝mysql參考與源碼包：

1.1，準備好安裝環境

        groupaddmysql
useradd-g mysql mysql
autoreconf--force --install
libtoolize--automake --force
automake--force --add-missing
yuminstall -y libtoolize
yuminstall cmake -y
yuminstall gcc gcc-c++ -y
yuminstall -y ncurses-devel.x86_64
yuminstall -y cmake.x86_64
yuminstall -y libaio.x86_64
yuminstall -y bison.x86_64
yuminstall -y gcc-c++.x86_64
yuminstall make -y 

1.2，建立mysql編譯根目錄

        mkdir-p /usr/local/mysql

1.3，解壓縮源碼包

          tar -xvf mysql-5.6.12.tar.gz

          cd mysql-5.6.12

1.4，編譯安裝

        timecmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/home/data/mysql/data -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR==/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock -DMYSQL_USER=mysql-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci

        由於time make耗時比較長，所以事先已經安裝好

        timemake

        timemake install 

2，準備第一個執行個體3307 

2.1建立好目錄

mkdir /usr/local/mysql3307
chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql3307/
mkdir -p /home/data/mysql3307/data
chown -R mysql.mysql /home/data/mysql3307
chown -R mysql.mysql/home/data/mysql3307/data
mkdir -p /home/data/mysql3307/binlog
chown -R mysql.mysql /home/data/mysql3307
mkdir -p /home/data/mysql3307/relay_log/
chown -R mysql.mysql /home/data/mysql3307/ 

2.2 設定檔

[mysqld_multi]

mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe

mysqladmin =/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin

log =/home/mysql/mydata/log/mysqld_multi.log

[mysqld1]

socket = /usr/local/mysql3307/mysql.sock
port = 3307
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql3307/mysqld.pid
datadir = /home/data/mysql3307/data
log_bin=/home/data/mysql3307/binlog
server-id = 1230
relay_log =/home/data/mysql3307/relay_log/mysql-relay-bin
log_slave_updates = 1
read_only = 0
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0

2.3 初始化資料庫

/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db--user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/home/data/mysql3307/data

3，準備第二個執行個體3308

3.1 建立好目錄

mkdir /usr/local/mysql3308
chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql3308/
mkdir -p /home/data/mysql3308/data
chown -R mysql.mysql /home/data/mysql3308
chown -R mysql.mysql/home/data/mysql3308/data
mkdir -p /home/data/mysql3308/binlog
chown -R mysql.mysql /home/data/mysql3308
mkdir -p /home/data/mysql3308/relay_log/
chown -R mysql.mysql /home/data/mysql3308/

3.2 設定檔

[mysqld2]

socket = /usr/local/mysql3308/mysql.sock

port = 3308

pid-file = /usr/local/mysql3308/mysqld.pid

datadir = /home/data/mysql3308/data

 

log_bin=/home/data/mysql3308/binlog

server-id = 2230

relay_log =/home/data/mysql3308/relay_log/mysql-relay-bin

log_slave_updates = 1

read_only = 0

 

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0

3.3 初始化資料庫

/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db--user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/home/data/mysql3308/data

4，準備第三個執行個體3309

4.1 建立好目錄

mkdir /usr/local/mysql3309
chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql3309/
mkdir -p /home/data/mysql3309/data
chown -R mysql.mysql /home/data/mysql3309
chown -R mysql.mysql/home/data/mysql3309/data
mkdir -p /home/data/mysql3309/binlog
chown -R mysql.mysql /home/data/mysql3309
mkdir -p /home/data/mysql3309/relay_log/
chown -R mysql.mysql /home/data/mysql3309/ 

4.2 設定檔

[mysqld3]

socket = /usr/local/mysql3309/mysql.sock

port = 3309

pid-file = /usr/local/mysql3309/mysqld.pid

datadir = /home/data/mysql3309/data

 

log_bin=/home/data/mysql3309/binlog

server-id = 3230

relay_log = /home/data/mysql3309/relay_log/mysql-relay-bin

log_slave_updates = 1

read_only = 0

 

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0

4.3 初始化資料庫

/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db--user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/home/data/mysql3309/data

初始化資訊如下所示：

  [mysql@data02 ~]$ /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/home/data/mysql3309/data
WARNING: Could not write to config file /usr/local/mysql/my-new.cnf: 許可權不夠
 
Installing MySQL system tables...2015-05-14 09:31:20 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2015-05-14 09:31:20 12307 [Warning] Buffered warning: Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)
 
2015-05-14 09:31:20 12307 [Warning] Buffered warning: Changed limits: table_cache: 431 (requested 2000)
 
2015-05-14 09:31:20 12307 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
2015-05-14 09:31:20 12307 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2015-05-14 09:31:20 12307 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2015-05-14 09:31:20 12307 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
2015-05-14 09:31:20 12307 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
2015-05-14 09:31:20 12307 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2015-05-14 09:31:20 12307 [Note] InnoDB: The first specified data file ./ibdata1 did not exist: a new database to be created!
2015-05-14 09:31:20 12307 [Note] InnoDB: Setting file ./ibdata1 size to 12 MB
2015-05-14 09:31:20 12307 [Note] InnoDB: Database physically writes the file full: wait...
2015-05-14 09:31:20 12307 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile101 size to 48 MB
2015-05-14 09:31:20 12307 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile1 size to 48 MB
2015-05-14 09:31:21 12307 [Note] InnoDB: Renaming log file ./ib_logfile101 to ./ib_logfile0
2015-05-14 09:31:21 12307 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45781
2015-05-14 09:31:21 12307 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer not found: creating new
2015-05-14 09:31:21 12307 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer created
2015-05-14 09:31:21 12307 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.
2015-05-14 09:31:21 12307 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2015-05-14 09:31:21 12307 [Note] InnoDB: Foreign key constraint system tables created
2015-05-14 09:31:21 12307 [Note] InnoDB: Creating tablespace and datafile system tables.
2015-05-14 09:31:21 12307 [Note] InnoDB: Tablespace and datafile system tables created.
2015-05-14 09:31:21 12307 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2015-05-14 09:31:21 12307 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.12 started; log sequence number 0
2015-05-14 09:31:21 12307 [Note] Binlog end
2015-05-14 09:31:21 12307 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
2015-05-14 09:31:21 12307 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
2015-05-14 09:31:22 12307 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625977
OK
 
Filling help tables...2015-05-14 09:31:22 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2015-05-14 09:31:22 12332 [Warning] Buffered warning: Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)
 
2015-05-14 09:31:22 12332 [Warning] Buffered warning: Changed limits: table_cache: 431 (requested 2000)
 
2015-05-14 09:31:22 12332 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
2015-05-14 09:31:22 12332 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2015-05-14 09:31:22 12332 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2015-05-14 09:31:22 12332 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
2015-05-14 09:31:22 12332 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
2015-05-14 09:31:22 12332 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2015-05-14 09:31:22 12332 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.
2015-05-14 09:31:22 12332 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.
2015-05-14 09:31:22 12332 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2015-05-14 09:31:22 12332 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.12 started; log sequence number 1625977
2015-05-14 09:31:22 12332 [Note] Binlog end
2015-05-14 09:31:22 12332 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
2015-05-14 09:31:22 12332 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
2015-05-14 09:31:24 12332 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625987
OK
 
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system
 
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
 
  /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
  /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h data02 password 'new-password'
 
Alternatively you can run:
 
  /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation
 
which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is
strongly recommended for production servers.
 
See the manual for more instructions.
 
You can start the MySQL daemon with:
 
  cd . ; /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &
 
You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
 
  cd mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
 
Please report any problems with the ./bin/mysqlbug script!
 
The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at
 
  http://www.mysql.com
 
Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com
 
WARNING: Could not copy config file template /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf to
/usr/local/mysql/my-new.cnf, may not have access rights to do so.
You may want to copy the file manually, or create your own,
it will then be used by default by the server when you start it.
 
WARNING: Default config file /etc/my.cnf exists on the system
This file will be read by default by the MySQL server
If you do not want to use this, either remove it, or use the
--defaults-file argument to mysqld_safe when starting the server

5，啟動多執行個體資料庫

mkdir -p /home/mysql/data/log

[mysql@data02 data]$ mysqld_multi--defaults-extra-file=/etc/my.cnf start 1,2,3

[mysql@data02 data]$

後台日誌資訊：

Starting MySQL servers
150514 09:36:14 mysqld_safe Logging to'/home/data/mysql3309/data/data02.err'.
150514 09:36:15 mysqld_safe Logging to '/home/data/mysql3308/data/data02.err'.
150514 09:36:15 mysqld_safe Logging to'/home/data/mysql3307/data/data02.err'.
150514 09:36:15 mysqld_safe Starting mysqlddaemon with databases from /home/data/mysql3308/data
150514 09:36:15 mysqld_safe Starting mysqlddaemon with databases from /home/data/mysql3307/data
150514 09:36:15 mysqld_safe Starting mysqlddaemon with databases from /home/data/mysql3309/data

6，查看多執行個體

[mysql@data02 ~]$ mysqld_multi--defaults-extra-file=/etc/my.cnf report

Reporting MySQL servers

MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is running

MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is running

MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is running

[mysql@data02 ~]$

 

後台日誌資訊：

Reporting MySQL servers

MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is running

MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is running

MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is running

7，停止多執行個體

mysqld_multi--defaults-extra-file=/etc/my.cnf stop 1,2,3

後台日誌資訊：

Stopping MySQL servers

150514 09:35:43 mysqld_safe mysqld from pidfile /usr/local/mysql3309/mysqld.pid ended

150514 09:35:43 mysqld_safe mysqld from pidfile /usr/local/mysql3307/mysqld.pid ended

150514 09:35:43 mysqld_safe mysqld from pidfile /usr/local/mysql3308/mysqld.pid ended

8，各自登入mysql執行個體

需要指定啟動的socket就可以登入到各自的mysql執行個體，如下所示：

[mysql@data02 ~]$ mysql --socket=/usr/local/mysql3308/mysql.sock

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 2

Server version: 5.6.12-log Sourcedistribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or itsaffiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of OracleCorporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarksof their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' toclear the current input statement.

mysql> select @@port;

+--------+

| @@port |

+--------+

|  3308 |

+--------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

mysql> create database d3308;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec)

mysql>

9，可以在多連接埠上搭建主從、主主服務

9.1，在3307執行個體建立帳號

        複製帳號

        GRANTREPLICATION SLAVE,RELOAD,SUPER ON *.*TO repl@'192.168.52.%' IDENTIFIED BY'repl_1234';

       

        備份帳號

        GRANTRELOAD, SUPER, LOCK TABLES, REPLICATION CLIENT, CREATE TABLESPACE ON *.* TO'backup'@'192.168.%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

        GRANTALL PRIVILEGES ON `mysql`.* TO 'backup'@'192.168.%';

        GRANTEVENT ON *.* TO 'backup'@'192.168.%';

9.2，將資料從3307執行個體同步到3308連接埠 

        備份：

        /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump-ubackup --password=123456 --host=192.168.52.138--socket=/usr/local/mysql3307/mysql.sock --port=3307 -R -E --skip-opt--single-transaction --flush-logs --master-data=2 --add-drop-table--create-option --quick --extended-insert=false --set-charset --disable-keys-A  > /tmp/alldbfullbackup.sql

        匯入：

        /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql-uroot -p --socket=/usr/local/mysql3308/mysql.sock --port=3308</tmp/alldbfullbackup.sql

9.3，在3308執行個體上建立複製連結

        找到複製點

        more/tmp/alldbfullbackup.sql

        開始建立複製連結

          CHANGE MASTER TOMASTER_HOST='192.168.52.138',MASTER_PORT=3307,

        MASTER_USER='repl',

        MASTER_PASSWORD='repl_1234',

        MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000006',

        MASTER_LOG_POS=120;

        開啟複製

        startslave;

        查看複製狀態

        showslave status\G;

mysql> show slave status\G

*************************** 1. row***************************

              Slave_IO_State: Waiting formaster to send event

                  Master_Host: 192.168.52.138

                  Master_User: repl

                  Master_Port: 3307

                Connect_Retry: 60

              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000011

        Read_Master_Log_Pos: 120

              Relay_Log_File:mysql-relay-bin.000005

                Relay_Log_Pos: 283

      Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000011

            Slave_IO_Running: Yes

            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

                  ……

Seconds_Behind_Master: 0

10，管理單個執行個體

停止執行個體2：

[root@data03 ~]# mysqld_multi--defaults-extra-file=/etc/my.cnf stop 2

[root@data03 ~]#

後台日誌資訊：

Stopping MySQL servers

150517 06:53:43 mysqld_safe mysqld from pidfile /usr/local/mysql3308/mysqld.pid ended

mysqld_multi log file version 2.16; run: 日  5月 17 06:53:48 2015

啟動執行個體2：

[root@data03 ~]# mysqld_multi--defaults-extra-file=/etc/my.cnf start 2

[root@data03 ~]#

後台日誌資訊：

Starting MySQL servers

 

150517 06:53:48 mysqld_safe Logging to'/home/data/mysql3308/data/data03.err'.

150517 06:53:48 mysqld_safe Starting mysqlddaemon with databases from /home/data/mysql3308/data

11，如何使用多執行個體

由於多執行個體中，各個執行個體的資源都是不share的，所以要合理分配好各個執行個體的記憶體、磁碟等資源，避免out of memery或則 full disk的情況出現。

 

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