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隨著 Windows Phone 8.1 GDR1 + Cortana 中文版的發布,相信有很多使用者或開發人員都在調戲 Windows Phone 的語音私人助理 Cortana 吧,在世界盃的時候我親測 Cortana 預測德國和阿根廷的比賽很準的。(題外話扯遠了),可是作為開發人員我們怎麼將Cortana整合到應用中呢,今天我用一點時間給大家介紹一下如何使用 voice command 整合 Windows Phone 8.1 的應用。
首先要明確兩個名詞 Voice command & Voice Command Definition 即 VCD檔案,相信做過windows Phone 8.0 開發的朋友應該有所瞭解,通過註冊VCD檔案 Windows phone 8.0 的應用當中就可以實現 voice command 的功能,如果你不瞭解請先讀一下我之前的文章(這裡我就不在過多介紹 8.0 Voice command 的重複內容了),Windows Phone 8 語音 - Speech for Windows Phone 8 快速瞭解一下Windows Phone 開發語音功能的前期準備工作。
簡單的說在 Windows Phone 8.0 voice command 功能比較簡單,主要是通過 Voice Command Name 判斷預製在VCD檔案中的幾個命令。
在 Windows Phone 8.1 應用中 Cortana 提供了更強的自然語言識別(Natural language recognition)
當然 VCD 檔案的中的 grammars 也得到了擴充,並且區別兩個OS版本的
http://schemas.microsoft.com/voicecommands/1.0 for Windows Phone 8.0 Voice Command and Cortana compatible.
http://schemas.microsoft.com/voicecommands/1.1 only for Widnows Phone 8.1 Cortnan.
詳細內容請參考
Windows Phone 8.0: Voice command element and attribute reference for Windows Phone 8Windows Phone 8.1: Voice command elements and attributes
通過 8.0 和 8.1 VCD 檔案屬性支援情況來看有一個最主要的區別在8.1 VCD中支援 PhraseTopic 這個屬性。
文字說的太抽象了還是貼出代碼給大家說說吧:
這裡我主要強調說一下 ListenFor 結點和 PhraseTopic 結點。 注意在 Listenfor 結點中的中括弧 {dictatedSearchTerms} 是對應的 PhraseTopic 結點中的 Label 屬性。同時我們可以把 PhraseTopic 理解成任意內容。最後都可以從Cortana回傳到我們的應用當中來。
<VoiceCommands xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/voicecommands/1.1"> <!-- The CommandSet Name is used to programmatically access the CommandSet --> <CommandSet xml:lang="zh-CN" Name="chineseCommands"> <!-- The CommandPrefix provides an alternative to your full app name for invocation --> <CommandPrefix> 微軟 文檔 </CommandPrefix> <!-- The CommandSet Example appears in the global help alongside your app name --> <Example> 搜尋 構造 函數 </Example> <Command Name="MSDNSearch"> <!-- The Command example appears in the drill-down help page for your app --> <Example> 搜尋 構造 函數‘ </Example> <!-- ListenFor elements provide ways to say the command, including references to {PhraseLists} and {PhraseTopics} as well as [optional] words --> <ListenFor> 尋找 {dictatedSearchTerms} </ListenFor> <ListenFor> 搜 {dictatedSearchTerms} </ListenFor> <ListenFor> 搜尋 {dictatedSearchTerms} </ListenFor> <ListenFor> 查 {dictatedSearchTerms} </ListenFor> <ListenFor> 找 {dictatedSearchTerms} </ListenFor> <!--Feedback provides the displayed and spoken text when your command is triggered --> <Feedback> 尋找 MSDN... </Feedback> <!-- Navigate specifies the desired page or invocation destination for the Command--> <Navigate Target="MainPage.xaml" /> </Command> <Command Name="MSDNNaturalLanguage"> <Example> 我 想 去 Windows 手機 開發 中心 </Example> <ListenFor> {naturalLanguage} </ListenFor> <Feedback> 啟動 MSDN... </Feedback> <Navigate Target="MainPage.xaml" /> </Command> <PhraseTopic Label="dictatedSearchTerms" Scenario="Search"> <Subject> MSDN </Subject> </PhraseTopic> <PhraseTopic Label="naturalLanguage" Scenario="Natural Language"> <Subject> MSDN </Subject> </PhraseTopic> </CommandSet></VoiceCommands>
瞭解完新的VCD檔案,在這裡我提醒下大家,其實在Windows Phone 8.0的應用中也可以相容 Cortana的功能的,在8.0的應用當中我們只需要判斷一下作業系統的版本然後選擇不同的VCD檔案向系統註冊即可。
首先我們需要把兩個版本的VCD檔案都存放到項目中來
其次在註冊VCD檔案的時候根據系統版本進行一下判斷即可。
/// <summary> /// Installs the Voice Command Definition (VCD) file associated with the application. /// Based on OS version, installs a separate document based on version 1.0 of the schema or version 1.1. /// </summary> private async void InstallVoiceCommands() { const string wp80vcdPath = "ms-appx:///VoiceCommandDefinition_8.0.xml"; const string wp81vcdPath = "ms-appx:///VoiceCommandDefinition_8.1.xml"; const string chineseWp80vcdPath = "ms-appx:///ChineseVoiceCommandDefinition_8.0.xml"; const string chineseWp81vcdPath = "ms-appx:///ChineseVoiceCommandDefinition_8.1.xml"; try { bool using81orAbove = ((Environment.OSVersion.Version.Major >= 8) && (Environment.OSVersion.Version.Minor >= 10)); string vcdPath = using81orAbove ? wp81vcdPath : wp80vcdPath; if (InstalledSpeechRecognizers.Default.Language.Equals("zh-CN", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase)) { vcdPath = using81orAbove ? chineseWp81vcdPath : chineseWp80vcdPath; } Uri vcdUri = new Uri(vcdPath); await VoiceCommandService.InstallCommandSetsFromFileAsync(vcdUri); } catch (Exception vcdEx) { Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() => { MessageBox.Show(String.Format( AppResources.VoiceCommandInstallErrorTemplate, vcdEx.HResult, vcdEx.Message)); }); } }
最後在應用當中擷取使用者的語音輸入方法,注意這裡也是需要通過 PhraseTopic 結點的 Label 名稱擷取的。
/// <summary> /// Takes specific action for a retrieved VoiceCommand name. /// </summary> /// <param name="voiceCommandName"> the command name triggered to activate the application </param> private void HandleVoiceCommand(string voiceCommandName) { // Voice Commands can be typed into Cortana; when this happens, "voiceCommandMode" is populated with the // "textInput" value. In these cases, we‘ll want to behave a little differently by not speaking back. bool typedVoiceCommand = (NavigationContext.QueryString.ContainsKey("commandMode") && (NavigationContext.QueryString["commandMode"] == "text")); string phraseTopicContents = null; bool doSearch = false; switch (voiceCommandName) { case "MSDNNaturalLanguage": if (NavigationContext.QueryString.TryGetValue("naturalLanguage", out phraseTopicContents) && !String.IsNullOrEmpty(phraseTopicContents)) { // We‘ll try to process the input as a natural language query; if we‘re successful, we won‘t // fall back into searching, since the query will have already been handled. doSearch = TryHandleNlQuery(phraseTopicContents, typedVoiceCommand); } break; case "MSDNSearch": // The user explicitly asked to search, so we‘ll attempt to retrieve the query. NavigationContext.QueryString.TryGetValue("dictatedSearchTerms", out phraseTopicContents); doSearch = true; break; } if (doSearch) { HandleSearchQuery(phraseTopicContents, typedVoiceCommand); } }
整個過程就這麼簡單,心動不如行動,趕快把你的應用加入Cortana 功能讓小夥伴兒們調戲一番。
更多參考資料:
Quickstart: Voice commands (XAML)
Speech for Windows Phone 8
快速入門:語音命令 (XAML)
源碼下載:
MSDN Voice Search for Windows Phone 8.1