Java – 通過IP地址擷取使用者所在地

最近在做一個互連網項目，不可避免和其他互連網項目一樣，需要各種類似的功能。其中一個就是通過使用者訪問網站的IP地址顯示目前使用者所在地。在沒有查閱資料之前，我第一個想到的是應該有這樣的RESTFUL服務，可能會有免費的，也有可能會是收費的。後來查閱了相關資料和諮詢了客服人員發現了一款相當不錯的庫：GEOIP。

中文官網：http://www.maxmind.com/zh/home?pkit_lang=zh

英文官網：http://www.maxmind.com/en/home

而且GeoIP也提供了如我之前猜測的功能：Web Services，具體可以看這裡：http://dev.maxmind.com/geoip/legacy/web-services

這裡我就把官方的執行個體搬過來吧，Web Services ：

首先來個Java 版本：

import java.net.MalformedURLException;import java.net.URL;import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.io.IOException;public class OmniReader {    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {        String license_key = "YOUR_LICENSE_KEY";        String ip_address = "24.24.24.24";        String url_str = "http://geoip.maxmind.com/e?l=" + license_key + "&i=" + ip_address;        URL url = new URL(url_str);        BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(url.openStream()));        String inLine;                while ((inLine = in.readLine()) != null) {            // Alternatively use a CSV parser here.            Pattern p = Pattern.compile("\"([^\"]*)\"|(?<=,|^)([^,]*)(?:,|$)");             Matcher m = p.matcher(inLine);            ArrayList fields = new ArrayList();            String f;            while (m.find()) {                f = m.group(1);                if (f!=null) {                    fields.add(f);                }                else {                    fields.add(m.group(2));                }            }                        String countrycode = fields.get(0);            String countryname = fields.get(1);            String regioncode = fields.get(2);            String regionname = fields.get(3);            String city = fields.get(4);            String lat = fields.get(5);            String lon = fields.get(6);            String metrocode = fields.get(7);            String areacode = fields.get(8);            String timezone = fields.get(9);            String continent = fields.get(10);            String postalcode = fields.get(11);            String isp = fields.get(12);            String org = fields.get(13);            String domain = fields.get(14);            String asnum = fields.get(15);            String netspeed = fields.get(16);            String usertype = fields.get(17);            String accuracyradius = fields.get(18);            String countryconf = fields.get(19);            String cityconf = fields.get(20);            String regionconf = fields.get(21);            String postalconf = fields.get(22);            String error = fields.get(23);        }        in.close();    }}

C#版本：

private string GetMaxMindOmniData(string IP) {  System.Uri objUrl = new System.Uri("http://geoip.maxmind.com/e?l=YOUR_LICENSE_KEY&i=" + IP);  System.Net.WebRequest objWebReq;  System.Net.WebResponse objResp;  System.IO.StreamReader sReader;  string strReturn = string.Empty;  try    {      objWebReq = System.Net.WebRequest.Create(objUrl);      objResp = objWebReq.GetResponse();      sReader = new System.IO.StreamReader(objResp.GetResponseStream());      strReturn = sReader.ReadToEnd();      sReader.Close();      objResp.Close();    }  catch (Exception ex)    {    }  finally    {      objWebReq = null;    }  return strReturn;}

Ruby版本：

#!/usr/bin/env rubyrequire 'csv'require 'net/http'require 'open-uri'require 'optparse'require 'uri'fields = [:country_code,          :country_name,          :region_code,          :region_name,          :city_name,          :latitude,          :longitude,          :metro_code,          :area_code,          :time_zone,          :continent_code,          :postal_code,          :isp_name,          :organization_name,          :domain,          :as_number,          :netspeed,          :user_type,          :accuracy_radius,          :country_confidence,          :city_confidence,          :region_confidence,          :postal_confidence,          :error]options = { :license => "YOUR_LICENSE_KEY", :ip => "24.24.24.24" }OptionParser.new { |opts|  opts.banner = "Usage: omni-geoip-ws.rb [options]"  opts.on("-l", "--license LICENSE", "MaxMind license key") do |l|    options[:license] = l  end  opts.on("-i", "--ip IPADDRESS", "IP address to look up") do |i|    options[:ip] = i  end}.parse!uri = URI::HTTP.build(:scheme => 'http',                      :host   => 'geoip.maxmind.com',                      :path   => '/e',                      :query  => URI.encode_www_form(:l => options[:license],                                                     :i => options[:ip]))response = Net::HTTP.get_response(uri)unless response.is_a?(Net::HTTPSuccess)  abort "Request failed with status #{response.code}"endomni = Hash[fields.zip(response.body.encode('utf-8', 'iso-8859-1').parse_csv)]if omni[:error]  abort "MaxMind returned an error code for the request: #{omni[:error]}"else  puts  puts "MaxMind Omni data for #{options[:ip]}";  puts  omni.each { |key, val| printf "  %-20s  %s\n", key, val }  putsend

最後再來個Perl版本吧：

#!/usr/bin/env perluse strict;use warnings;use Encode qw( decode );use Getopt::Long;use LWP::UserAgent;use Text::CSV_XS;use URI;use URI::QueryParam;my @fields = qw(    country_code    country_name    region_code    region_name    city_name    latitude    longitude    metro_code    area_code    time_zone    continent_code    postal_code    isp_name    organization_name    domain    as_number    netspeed    user_type    accuracy_radius    country_confidence    city_confidence    region_confidence    postal_confidence    error);my $license_key = 'YOUR_LICENSE_KEY';my $ip_address  = '24.24.24.24';GetOptions(    'license:s' => \$license_key,    'ip:s'      => \$ip_address,);my $uri = URI->new('http://geoip.maxmind.com/e');$uri->query_param( l => $license_key );$uri->query_param( i => $ip_address );my $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new( timeout => 5 );my $response = $ua->get($uri);die 'Request failed with status ' . $response->code()    unless $response->is_success();my $csv = Text::CSV_XS->new( { binary => 1 } );$csv->parse( decode( 'ISO-8859-1', $response->content() ) );my %omni;@omni{@fields} = $csv->fields();binmode STDOUT, ':encoding(UTF-8)';if ( defined $omni{error} && length $omni{error} ) {    die "MaxMind returned an error code for the request: $omni{error}\n";}else {    print "\nMaxMind Omni data for $ip_address\n\n";    for my $field (@fields) {        print sprintf( "  %-20s  %s\n", $field, $omni{$field} );    }    print "\n";}

以上都是基於Web Services的，這裡我再寫個使用本地庫的執行個體，而項目中也使用的是本地庫。

首先在項目中需要添加庫檔案：GeoLiteCity，然後就可以利用這個檔案得到城市和國家資訊了。項目中如何擷取到使用者訪問的IP地址就不用我說了吧，做過Web開發的人應該都知道。Request裡面擷取。Java代碼：

public class GeoBusiness {/** * @param args * @throws IOException */public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {// TODO Auto-generated method stubSystem.out.println(getLocationByIp("220.181.111.147").getCity());System.out.println(getLocationByIp("220.181.111.147").getCountryName());}public static Location getLocationByIp(String ipaddr) throws IOException {String sep = System.getProperty("file.separator");String dir = Play.configuration.getProperty("geoip.datdir");String dbfile = dir + sep + "GeoLiteCity.dat";LookupService cl = new LookupService(dbfile,LookupService.GEOIP_MEMORY_CACHE);Location location = cl.getLocation(ipaddr);cl.close();return location;}}

更詳細的功能比如擷取省，經緯度可以參考我最前面給出的網址。