Unix 下常見的處理訊號
複製代碼 代碼如下:
No Name Default Action Description
1 SIGHUP terminate process terminal line hangup
2 SIGINT terminate process interrupt program
3 SIGQUIT create core image quit program
4 SIGILL create core image illegal instruction
5 SIGTRAP create core image trace trap
6 SIGABRT create core image abort program (formerly SIGIOT)
7 SIGEMT create core image emulate instruction executed
8 SIGFPE create core image floating-point exception
9 SIGKILL terminate process kill program
10 SIGBUS create core image bus error
11 SIGSEGV create core image segmentation violation
12 SIGSYS create core image non-existent system call invoked
13 SIGPIPE terminate process write on a pipe with no reader
14 SIGALRM terminate process real-time timer expired
15 SIGTERM terminate process software termination signal
16 SIGURG discard signal urgent condition present on socket
17 SIGSTOP stop process stop (cannot be caught or ignored)
18 SIGTSTP stop process stop signal generated from keyboard
19 SIGCONT discard signal continue after stop
20 SIGCHLD discard signal child status has changed
21 SIGTTIN stop process background read attempted from control terminal
22 SIGTTOU stop process background write attempted to control terminal
23 SIGIO discard signal I/O is possible on a descriptor (see fcntl(2))
24 SIGXCPU terminate process cpu time limit exceeded (see setrlimit(2))
25 SIGXFSZ terminate process file size limit exceeded (see setrlimit(2))
26 SIGVTALRM terminate process virtual time alarm (see setitimer(2))
27 SIGPROF terminate process profiling timer alarm (see setitimer(2))
28 SIGWINCH discard signal Window size change
29 SIGINFO discard signal status request from keyboard
30 SIGUSR1 terminate process User defined signal 1
31 SIGUSR2 terminate process User defined signal 2
perl的訊號處理原理
Perl 提供了%SIG 這個特殊的預設HASH.調用需要使用到系統保留全域HASH數組%SIG,即使 用'$SIG{訊號名}'截取訊號,相當於,在perl程式中出現這個訊號時,執行我們自己定義某段代碼(子函數)的地址值(定義訊號響應函數),這代碼就是截取這個資訊後要執行的結果了.
舉個SIGALRM例子,也就是逾時處理:
複製代碼 代碼如下:
my $timeout = 10 ;
eval {
local $SIG{ALRM} = sub { die "alarm\n" }; # \n required
alarm $timeout; #如果到了$timeout時間就會去執行上面的sub
sleep 15;
print " if timeout ,this will not print";
alarm 0; #恢複到預設的狀態
};
if ($@) {
die unless $@ eq "alarm\n"; #可能捕獲的不是逾時,是其他錯誤,就die吧
print "timeout \n" ;
}
else {
print "not timeout";
}
這裡要說一下perl的錯誤捕獲機制
複製代碼 代碼如下:
eval {
open(FH,”domains.txt”) or die “Can't open files,$!”;
};
捕獲異常
複製代碼 代碼如下:
if($@){#出現異常}
else{#無異常,列印檔案內容
while(){
…
}
close FH;
}
如果eval塊中的程式有語法錯誤、執行階段錯誤或者遇到die語句,eval將返回undef。錯誤碼被儲存在$@中。