python利用zabbix API添加監控

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首先說一下坑的地方就是python2和python3的模組改變問題，當然精通python的可以略過。這個在網上百度一下吧，第二個是匯入xlsx檔案的時候需要xlrd模組，而這個模組最好跟著我下面的方法走，那個python2 就可以用我下邊的指令碼了。

1.安裝xlrd讀取Excel檔案

1.1. 下載setuptools-38.2.4.zip，上傳至zabbix伺服器解壓安裝，：https://pypi.python.org/packages/69/56/f0f52281b5175e3d9ca8623dadbc3b684e66350ea9e0006736194b265e99/setuptools-38.2.4.zip#md5=e8e05d4f8162c9341e1089c80f742f64

[[email protected] temp]# ll #上傳檔案setuptools-38.2.4.zip
total 724
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 736683 Dec 17 22:37 setuptools-38.2.4.zip

[[email protected] temp]# unzip setuptools-38.2.4.zip #解壓setuptools-38.2.4.zip

1.2下載pip-9.0.1.tar.gz，上傳至zabbix伺服器解壓安裝，：https://pypi.python.org/packages/11/b6/abcb525026a4be042b486df43905d6893fb04f05aac21c32c638e939e447/pip-9.0.1.tar.gz#md5=35f01da33009719497f01a4ba69d63c9

[[email protected] temp]# ll
total 1896
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1197370 Dec 17 22:53 pip-9.0.1.tar.gz #上傳檔案pip-9.0.1.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x 9 root root 4096 Dec 17 22:55 setuptools-38.2.4
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 736683 Dec 17 22:37 setuptools-38.2.4.zip

[[email protected] temp]# tar -xzvf pip-9.0.1.tar.gz #解壓pip-9.0.1.tar.gz

[[email protected] pip-9.0.1]# python setup.py build #編譯
[[email protected] pip-9.0.1]# python setup.py install #安裝

[[email protected] pip-9.0.1]# pip install xlrd #安裝xlrd

3.編輯Excel模板

3.1主機名稱、顯示名、IP、主機群組、模板

3.2將Execle表zabbix_host_add.xlsx上傳至zabbix伺服器

[ro[email protected] temp]# ll
total 1964
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 46079 Dec 17 23:28 zabbix_host_add.xlsx
4.編寫Python指令碼，參考http://www.361way.com/zabbix-api-2/3681.html
#!/usr/bin/python
#coding:utf-8

import json
import urllib2
from urllib2 import URLError
import sys,argparse
import xlrd

defaultencoding = ‘utf-8‘
if sys.getdefaultencoding() != defaultencoding:
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding(defaultencoding)

class zabbix_api:
def init(self):
self.url = ‘http://zabbix伺服器IP地址/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php‘ #修改URL
self.header = {"Content-Type":"application/json"}

    def user_login(self):        data = json.dumps({                           "jsonrpc": "2.0",                           "method": "user.login",                           "params": {                                      "user": "Admin", #web頁面登入使用者名稱                                      "password": "zabbix" #web頁面登入密碼                                      },                           "id": 0                           })        request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data)        for key in self.header:            request.add_header(key, self.header[key])        try:            result = urllib2.urlopen(request)        except URLError as e:            print "\033[041m 使用者認證失敗，請檢查 !\033[0m", e.code        else:            response = json.loads(result.read())            result.close()            #print response[‘result‘]            self.authID = response[‘result‘]            return self.authID    def host_get(self,hostName=‘‘):        data=json.dumps({                "jsonrpc": "2.0",                "method": "host.get",                "params": {                          "output": "extend",                          "filter":{"host":hostName}                          },                "auth": self.user_login(),                "id": 1                })        request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data)        for key in self.header:            request.add_header(key, self.header[key])        try:            result = urllib2.urlopen(request)        except URLError as e:            if hasattr(e, ‘reason‘):                print ‘We failed to reach a server.‘                print ‘Reason: ‘, e.reason            elif hasattr(e, ‘code‘):                print ‘The server could not fulfill the request.‘                print ‘Error code: ‘, e.code        else:            response = json.loads(result.read())            #print response            result.close()            print "主機數量: \033[31m%s\033[0m"%(len(response[‘result‘]))            for host in response[‘result‘]:                         status={"0":"OK","1":"Disabled"}                    available={"0":"Unknown","1":"available","2":"Unavailable"}                    #print host                    if len(hostName)==0:                            print "HostID : %s\t HostName : %s\t Status :\033[32m%s\033[0m \t Available :\033[31m%s\033[0m"%(host[‘hostid‘],host[‘name‘],status[host[‘status‘]],available[host[‘available‘]])                    else:                            print "HostID : %s\t HostName : %s\t Status :\033[32m%s\033[0m \t Available :\033[31m%s\033[0m"%(host[‘hostid‘],host[‘name‘],status[host[‘status‘]],available[host[‘available‘]])                            return host[‘hostid‘]    def hostgroup_get(self, hostgroupName=‘‘):        data = json.dumps({                           "jsonrpc":"2.0",                           "method":"hostgroup.get",                           "params":{                                     "output": "extend",                                     "filter": {                                                "name": hostgroupName                                                }                                     },                           "auth":self.user_login(),                           "id":1,                           })        request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data)        for key in self.header:            request.add_header(key, self.header[key])        try:            result = urllib2.urlopen(request)        except URLError as e:            print "Error as ", e        else:            #print result.read()            response = json.loads(result.read())            result.close()            #print response()            for group in response[‘result‘]:                    if  len(hostgroupName)==0:                            print "hostgroup:  \033[31m%s\033[0m \tgroupid : %s" %(group[‘name‘],group[‘groupid‘])                    else:                            print "hostgroup:  \033[31m%s\033[0m\tgroupid : %s" %(group[‘name‘],group[‘groupid‘])                            self.hostgroupID = group[‘groupid‘]                            return group[‘groupid‘]    def template_get(self,templateName=‘‘):        data = json.dumps({                           "jsonrpc":"2.0",                           "method": "template.get",                           "params": {                                      "output": "extend",                                      "filter": {                                                 "name":templateName                                                                                                        }                                      },                           "auth":self.user_login(),                           "id":1,                           })        request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data)        for key in self.header:            request.add_header(key, self.header[key])        try:            result = urllib2.urlopen(request)        except URLError as e:            print "Error as ", e        else:            response = json.loads(result.read())            result.close()            #print response            for template in response[‘result‘]:                               if len(templateName)==0:                    print "template : \033[31m%s\033[0m\t  id : %s" % (template[‘name‘], template[‘templateid‘])                else:                    self.templateID = response[‘result‘][0][‘templateid‘]                    print "Template Name :  \033[31m%s\033[0m "%templateName                    return response[‘result‘][0][‘templateid‘]    def hostgroup_create(self,hostgroupName):        if self.hostgroup_get(hostgroupName):            print "hostgroup  \033[42m%s\033[0m is exist !"%hostgroupName            sys.exit(1)        data = json.dumps({                          "jsonrpc": "2.0",                          "method": "hostgroup.create",                          "params": {                          "name": hostgroupName                          },                          "auth": self.user_login(),                          "id": 1                          })        request=urllib2.Request(self.url,data)        for key in self.header:            request.add_header(key, self.header[key])        try:            result = urllib2.urlopen(request)        except URLError as e:            print "Error as ", e        else:            response = json.loads(result.read())            result.close()            print "\033[042m 添加主機群組:%s\033[0m  hostgroupID : %s"%(hostgroupName,response[‘result‘][‘groupids‘])    def host_create_andy(self,hostName,visibleName, hostip, hostgroupName, templateName):        if self.host_get(hostip):            print "\033[041m該主機已經添加!\033[0m"            sys.exit(1)        group_list=[]        template_list=[]        for i in hostgroupName.split(‘,‘):            var = {}            var[‘groupid‘] = self.hostgroup_get(i)            group_list.append(var)        for i in templateName.split(‘,‘):            var={}            var[‘templateid‘]=self.template_get(i)            template_list.append(var)        data = json.dumps({                           "jsonrpc":"2.0",                           "method":"host.create",                           "params":{                                     "host": hostName,                                     "name": visibleName,                                     "interfaces": [                                     {                                     "type": 2,    #1：表示IP；2表示SNMP                                     "main": 1,                                     "useip": 1,                                     "ip": hostip,                                     "dns": "",                                     "port": "161"  #IP連接埠10051；SNMP連接埠161                                      }                                     ],                                   "groups": group_list,                                   "templates": template_list,                                     },                           "auth": self.user_login(),                           "id":1                          })        request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data)        for key in self.header:            request.add_header(key, self.header[key])        try:            result = urllib2.urlopen(request)        except URLError as e:            print "Error as ", e        else:            response = json.loads(result.read())            result.close()            print "添加主機 : \033[42m%s\031[0m \tid :\033[31m%s\033[0m" % (hostip, response[‘result‘][‘hostids‘])    def host_create(self, hostip, hostgroupName, templateName):        if self.host_get(hostip):            print "\033[041m該主機已經添加!\033[0m"            sys.exit(1)        group_list=[]        template_list=[]        for i in hostgroupName.split(‘,‘):            var = {}            var[‘groupid‘] = self.hostgroup_get(i)            group_list.append(var)        for i in templateName.split(‘,‘):            var={}            var[‘templateid‘]=self.template_get(i)            template_list.append(var)        data = json.dumps({                           "jsonrpc":"2.0",                           "method":"host.create",                           "params":{                                     "host": hostip,                                     "interfaces": [                                     {                                     "type": 2,                                     "main": 1,                                     "useip": 1,                                     "ip": hostip,                                     "dns": "",                                     "port": "161"                                      }                                     ],                                   "groups": group_list,                                   "templates": template_list,                                     },                           "auth": self.user_login(),                           "id":1                          })        request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data)        for key in self.header:            request.add_header(key, self.header[key])        try:            result = urllib2.urlopen(request)        except URLError as e:            print "Error as ", e        else:            response = json.loads(result.read())            result.close()            print "添加主機 : \033[42m%s\031[0m \tid :\033[31m%s\033[0m" % (hostip, response[‘result‘][‘hostids‘])    def host_disable(self,hostip):            data=json.dumps({            "jsonrpc": "2.0",            "method": "host.update",            "params": {            "hostid": self.host_get(hostip),            "status": 1            },            "auth": self.user_login(),            "id": 1            })            request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data)            for key in self.header:                    request.add_header(key, self.header[key])            try:                    result = urllib2.urlopen(request)            except URLError as e:                    print "Error as ", e            else:                    response = json.loads(result.read())                    result.close()                    print ‘----主機現在狀態------------‘                    print self.host_get(hostip)    def host_delete(self,hostid):        hostid_list=[]        #print type(hostid)        for i in hostid.split(‘,‘):            var = {}            var[‘hostid‘] = self.host_get(i)            hostid_list.append(var)                 data=json.dumps({                            "jsonrpc": "2.0",                            "method": "host.delete",                            "params": hostid_list,                "auth": self.user_login(),                "id": 1                })        request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data)        for key in self.header:            request.add_header(key, self.header[key])        try:            result = urllib2.urlopen(request)        except Exception,e:            print  e        else:            result.close()            print "主機 \033[041m %s\033[0m  已經刪除 !"%hostid

if name == "main":
zabbix=zabbix_api()
parser=argparse.ArgumentParser(description=‘zabbix api ‘,usage=‘%(prog)s [options]‘)
parser.add_argument(‘-H‘,‘--host‘,nargs=‘?‘,dest=‘listhost‘,default=‘host‘,help=‘查詢主機‘)
parser.add_argument(‘-G‘,‘--group‘,nargs=‘?‘,dest=‘listgroup‘,default=‘group‘,help=‘查詢主機群組‘)
parser.add_argument(‘-T‘,‘--template‘,nargs=‘?‘,dest=‘listtemp‘,default=‘template‘,help=‘查詢範本資訊‘)
parser.add_argument(‘-A‘,‘--add-group‘,nargs=1,dest=‘addgroup‘,help=‘添加主機群組‘)
parser.add_argument(‘-C‘,‘--add-host‘,dest=‘addhost‘,nargs=3,metavar=(‘192.168.2.1‘, ‘test01,test02‘, ‘Template01,Template02‘),help=‘添加主機,多個主機群組或模板使用分號‘)
parser.add_argument(‘-d‘,‘--disable‘,dest=‘disablehost‘,nargs=1,metavar=(‘192.168.2.1‘),help=‘禁用主機‘)
parser.add_argument(‘-L‘,‘--allin‘,dest=‘allin‘,nargs=‘?‘,default=‘allin‘,help=‘從Excel大量匯入主機‘)
parser.add_argument(‘-D‘,‘--delete‘,dest=‘deletehost‘,nargs=‘+‘,metavar=(‘192.168.2.1‘),help=‘刪除主機,多個主機之間用分號‘)
parser.add_argument(‘-v‘,‘--version‘, action=‘version‘, version=‘%(prog)s 1.0‘)
if len(sys.argv)==1:
print parser.print_help()
else:
args=parser.parse_args()

            if args.listhost != ‘host‘ :                    if args.listhost:                            zabbix.host_get(args.listhost)                    else:                            zabbix.host_get()            if args.listgroup !=‘group‘:                    if args.listgroup:                            zabbix.hostgroup_get(args.listgroup)                    else:                            zabbix.hostgroup_get()            if args.listtemp != ‘template‘:                    if args.listtemp:                            zabbix.template_get(args.listtemp)                    else:                            zabbix.template_get()            if args.addgroup:                    zabbix.hostgroup_create(args.addgroup[0])            if args.addhost:                    zabbix.host_create(args.addhost[0], args.addhost[1], args.addhost[2])            if args.disablehost:                    zabbix.host_disable(args.disablehost)            if args.deletehost:                    zabbix.host_delete(args.deletehost[0])            if args.allin != ‘allin‘:                    workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(‘zabbix_host_add.xlsx‘)     #Excel名                    for row in xrange(workbook.sheets()[0].nrows):                        hostname = workbook.sheets()[0].cell(row, 0).value                        visible = workbook.sheets()[0].cell(row, 1).value                        hostip = workbook.sheets()[0].cell(row, 2).value                        hostgroup = workbook.sheets()[0].cell(row, 3).value                        hosttemp = workbook.sheets()[0].cell(row, 4).value                        zabbix.host_create_andy(hostname,visible,hostip,hostgroup, hosttemp)

上面紅色標註，請根據實際情況修改。

上傳Python指令碼zabbix_host.py至zabbix伺服器

[[email protected] temp]# ll
total 1964
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 14644 Dec 17 23:28 zabbix_host.py

[[email protected] temp]# chown zabbix:zabbix zabbix_host.py #修改屬組屬主
[[email protected] temp]# chmod +x zabbix_host.py #添加執行許可權

執行指令碼：python zabbix_host.py

每個參數都有詳細的說明

大家不妨執行玩一玩。
我們用匯入的xlsx檔案這樣用： python zabbix_host.py -L zabbix_host_add.xlsx
顯示如下結果 證明添加成功：

然後去web上看看吧，這就是zabbix API簡單應用。

python利用zabbix API添加監控