《Python之禪》的翻譯和解釋 本文最初發表於戀花蝶的部落格(http://blog.csdn.net/lanphaday),如蒙轉載,敬請何留全文完整,並連本聲明一起轉載。凡是用過 Python的人,基本上都知道在互動式解譯器中輸入 import this 就會顯示 Tim Peters 的 The Zen of Python,但它那偈語般的語句有點令人費解,所以我想分享一下我對它的體會,順帶給出我的翻譯。
The Zen of Python, by Tim Peters Beautiful is better than ugly.Explicit is better than implicit.Simple is better than complex.Complex is better than complicated.Flat is better than nested.Sparse is better than dense.Readability counts.Special cases aren't special enough to break the rules.Although practicality beats purity.Errors should never pass silently.Unless explicitly silenced.In the face of ambiguity, refuse the temptation to guess.There should be one-- and preferably only one --obvious way to do it.Although that way may not be obvious at first unless you're Dutch.Now is better than never.Although never is often better than *right* now.If the implementation is hard to explain, it's a bad idea.If the implementation is easy to explain, it may be a good idea.Namespaces are one honking great idea -- let's do more of those! |
翻譯和解釋
Python之禪 by Tim Peters 優美勝於醜陋(Python 以編寫優美的代碼為目標)明了勝於晦澀(優美的代碼應當是明了的,命名規範,風格相似)簡潔勝於複雜(優美的代碼應當是簡潔的,不要有複雜的內部實現)複雜勝於淩亂(如果複雜不可避免,那代碼間也不能有難懂的關係,要保持介面簡潔)扁平勝於嵌套(優美的代碼應當是扁平的,不能有太多的嵌套)間隔勝於緊湊(優美的代碼有適當的間隔,不要奢望一行代碼解決問題)可讀性很重要(優美的代碼是可讀的)即便假借特例的實用性之名,也不可違背這些規則(這些規則至高無上) 不要包容所有錯誤,除非你確定需要這樣做(精準地捕獲異常,不寫 except:pass 風格的代碼) 當存在多種可能,不要嘗試去猜測而是盡量找一種,最好是唯一一種明顯的解決方案(如果不確定,就用窮舉法)雖然這並不容易,因為你不是 Python 之父(這裡的 Dutch 是指 Guido ) 做也許好過不做,但不假思索就動手還不如不做(動手之前要細思量) 如果你無法向人描述你的方案,那肯定不是一個好方案;反之亦然(方案測評標準) 命名空間是一種絕妙的理念,我們應當多加利用(倡導與號召) |
比較惡搞的是,其實 this 模組的代碼完全違背了這些原則,為了方便你查看它的代碼,我把它貼出來:s = """Gur Mra bs Clguba, ol Gvz Crgref
Ornhgvshy vf orggre guna htyl.
Rkcyvpvg vf orggre guna vzcyvpvg.
Fvzcyr vf orggre guna pbzcyrk.
Pbzcyrk vf orggre guna pbzcyvpngrq.
Syng vf orggre guna arfgrq.
Fcnefr vf orggre guna qrafr.
Ernqnovyvgl pbhagf.
Fcrpvny pnfrf nera'g fcrpvny rabhtu gb oernx gur ehyrf.
Nygubhtu cenpgvpnyvgl orngf chevgl.
Reebef fubhyq arire cnff fvyragyl.
Hayrff rkcyvpvgyl fvyraprq.
Va gur snpr bs nzovthvgl, ershfr gur grzcgngvba gb thrff.
Gurer fubhyq or bar-- naq cersrenoyl bayl bar --boivbhf jnl gb qb vg.
Nygubhtu gung jnl znl abg or boivbhf ng svefg hayrff lbh'er Qhgpu.
Abj vf orggre guna arire.
Nygubhtu arire vf bsgra orggre guna *evtug* abj.
Vs gur vzcyrzragngvba vf uneq gb rkcynva, vg'f n onq vqrn.
Vs gur vzcyrzragngvba vf rnfl gb rkcynva, vg znl or n tbbq vqrn.
Anzrfcnprf ner bar ubaxvat terng vqrn -- yrg'f qb zber bs gubfr!"""
d = {}
for c in (65, 97):
for i in range(26):
d[chr(i+c)] = chr((i+13) % 26 + c)
print "".join([d.get(c, c) for c in s])
這段晦澀、複雜、淩亂的代碼,莫非是 Tim Peters 提供的反例?