12.30 Linux Learning Essays

1 vim/etc/inittab Linux configuration file

2 passwd Change Password

3 System-config-lanuage System Language Modification

4 vim/etc/sysconfig/il8n

5 System-config-packages

5.1 System-config-display

6 Su-xxx Logout Login another account

6.1 Sudo-authorized users

6.2/user/sbin/useradd XXX Add an account

6.3 Sudo/user/sbin/useradd XXX Authorized to add an account (used when the current account is sudo but without root privileges)

6.4 vim/etc/sudoers sudo list and sudo permissions
6.4.1#default Specification (custom Modify permissions)
Cmnd_alias USERS =/usr/sbin/useradd,/usr/sbin/userdel,/usr/sbin/usermod
6.4.2# #Allow ROOT to run any commands anywhere (add authorized users here)
Root all= (All) all
Rehat all= (All) USERS

7id (information for current account)
7.1id XXX (View specific user's permission information)

8nano (simplest editor, but no advanced feature)
Gedit (Simple graphical editor)
Vim (most used editor)
Gvim (graphical version of the editor)

9-(indicates parameter)-a-b-C or-ABC
9.1--overall parameters such as--help
9.2; for split between two commands (similar to batch) #两个命令之间没有必然的联系 #

10date Current time and date #修改时间: Date 123011072008 (month-day hour-minute year)
10.1cal Display Calendar #显示指定的日历: Cal 11 2014

11whatis #显示一个短的描述

11.1command--help #该命令详细的描述 (not all commands are available--help)

11.2man# the longest used command description
11.2.1/to search for specific commands that are needed,
11.2.2 Press N for the next, N is up,
11.2.3q for Exit
11.2.4man-k All Commands

11.3info more detailed description than man
11.3.1s for Search
11.3.2TAB jumps to the next keyword
11.3.3n/p down U/1 up
11.3.4q for Exit

12/user/share/doc Linux Help documentation

13F1 Red Hat Documentation

14 Specific command suffix
14.1 [] Indicates optional parameters, you can not add
14.2<> that must be added
14.3{} indicates list {1..20}
14.4x|y|z Three Select one cannot be used at the same time
14.5-ABC Integrated ABC use

15cd/mnt/disk1/
15.1DF viewing disk
15.2 FDISK/DEV/SDA Partition
15.2.1+1G divide a 1G partition and press W to enter
15.3fdisk-l Viewing disks
15.4unmount/mnt/disk1/Uninstalling/mnt/disk1 (This could be multiple disk partitions)

15.x#/dev/sda11 1486080 35700 1373672 3%/mnt (example)
Umount/mnt
Cd/mnt
Ls
Disk1
Cd
mount/dev/sda11/mnt/disk1/
Df
#/dev/sda11 1486080 35700 1373672 3%/mnt/disk1
cd/mnt/disk1/
Cd
Df-f
#dev/sda11 1.5G 35M 1.4G 3%/mnt/disk1
15.x.2umont/mnt/disk1/
Fdisk-l
#/dev/sda1~sda12
Fdisk/dev/sda
1G
W
#显示出/dev/sda13
Partprobe
Mkfs.ext3/dev/sda13 #格式化SDA13
Df
Fdisk-l
#/dev/sda13 9574 9696 987966-up Linux
Cd/var/ftp/pub
Df-h
#/dev/sda10 3.8G 115M 3.5G 4%/var
Mount/dev/sda13/var/ftp/pub
Df
#/dev/sda13 972404 17632 905376 2%/var/ftp/pub
Cp-a/etc//var/ftp/pub #从ETC拷贝到pub里
Df-h

Case sensitivity in 16LINUX
16.1ls-l
16.2ls-l

Su-redhat
Useradd rehat100
#-bash:useradd:command not fount shows that the command was not found
Exit
#用root则OK

18cd/proc/
More Cpufinfo Check CPU
More meminfor Check Memory

19pwd Show current directory
cd/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
Pwd
#/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
19.1pwd-p
19.1.1pwd
/var/mail
Pwd-p
/var/spool/mail #链接文件
Cd..
ll
#会显示出 Mail link to Spool/mail (similar shortcut)
The concept of no extension in 20linux (just for identification purposes)
21cd/temp/
Ls
RM *-RF
Ls
Touch Mail
Touch MAIL
Touch MAil
Ls
Mail Mail Mail

22cd/etc/pki/tls
Ls
#certs, etc.
CD certs/
#make-dumpy-cert
Pwd
/etc/pki/tls/certs
Cd..
Ls
Certs
#make-dumpy-cert
CP make-dummpy-cert/etc/pki/tls/private/(absolute path notation)
CP Make-dummpy-cert. /private/(relative path notation)
Cp/root/server1.ks.cfg. (Copy the file to the current path)

Point:ctrl alt F1~F6 Command Port F7 is a graphical interface

OTHERCPU hot swap is controlled by/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpux/online

Other.1echo Online >/sys/devices/system/memory/memory[number]/state enable the appropriate memory area.

Other.2find/sys/devices/system/memory-name state-exec bash-c ' echo online > {} ' \; Can be used to enable all available memory areas

12.30 Linux Learning Essays