Basic commands under Linux and common shortcuts under the terminal __linux

Common commands:

Table 1-1

Command	Description
Directory and file Processing: Before we explain, we'll get to know a couple of funny symbols. . : Small point live in the present, namely the current directory. For example:./jie_work executes the jie_work file in the current directory .. : Run up to two points, both to the current top level directory. For example, a command CD. Modify the current working directory to the previous level directory ~: The water wave takes me home, namely/home/my login name. For example, my login name is ZHANGJIE,CD ~ command is Cd/home/zhangjie. Of course you can just type in a CD and have the same effect. -: The minus sign returns the last working directory. For example, the current working directory is dira, you switch to the DIRB directory through the CD command, and now you type the CD--that is, switch to the last working directory, which is dira, and then switch to DIRB again, Because this is DIRB is already the last working directory relative to Dira.
Mkdir	Create a Directory Usage: mkdir [OPTION] DIRECTORY ... Example: mkdir Fangru
Ls	Listing the contents of a directory Usage: ls [OPTION] ... [FILE] ... Example: Ls-al Fangru
Cd	Replace working directory Usage: CD [DIRECTORY] Example: CD Fangru
Pwd	Show Current working directory Usage: pwd
Vim	Enhanced version Text Editor Usage: vim [OPTION] [file] Example: Vim HELLOWORLD.C
Cp	Copy files and their directories Usage: CP [OPTION] ... SOURCE DEST Example: CP jie.txt Jie.bak
Mv	Move (rename) file Usage: MV [OPTION] ... SOURCE DEST Example: MV Jieold jienew
Rm	Delete a file or directory Usage: RM [OPTION] ... FILE ... Example: Rm-rf jie_dir
Find	Locating files in directories and their subdirectories Usage: Find [OPTION] [path] [pattern] Example: Find-name jie*.txt
History	Show recently used commands Usage: History
Text Processing: Before you explain, it is necessary to explain the definition of the pattern. A pattern is an expression that does not list all elements, but rather a precise description of a series of strings For example: AB*CD matches a series of strings starting with AB and ending with a CD
Cat	Link file Print to standard output Usage: cat [OPTION] [FILE] ... Example: Cat pic.png love.txt > Pic1.png Remember the story of the command line.
Echo	Show one line of text Usage: echo [OPTION] [string] Example: Echo $HOME
Grep	Search for specific content and export the lines that contain the content to the standard output Usage: grep [OPTION] pattern [FILE] Example: Grep-i jagen magicLinux.txt
Wc	Counts the number of bytes, words, and rows in the specified file and displays the results to the output Usage: WC [OPTION] ... [FILE] Example: Wc-l magicLinux.txt
Sort	To sort the rows in a file Usage: sort [OPTION] ... [FILE] Example: Sort-r magicLinux.txt
System Management: Before explaining this kind of command, let's talk about the definition of file permissions. There are three types of permissions on Linux systems-read, write, and execute. After typing the ls-l command, we will find that there are 10 letters representing the file type and permission information: The first letter is the file type, D is the directory,-represents the normal file, each of the three letters is a group, representing the owner (owner) group members (groups) other people (others) read , write, and execute permissions. Example: drwxrw-r--means that this is a directory where the owner has read, write, and execute three permissions, the group members have read and write access, and others have only read access. The permission bit can also be represented by the corresponding number, read-4, write-2, execute-1, these numbers or their and their and represent the permissions of a role. Example: rwxrw-r--= 764 673 = Rw-rwx-wx
chmod	Controlling user permissions on files Usage: chmod [OPTION] [MODE] [FILE] Example: chmod 764 count.sh
Chown	Change the owner of a file Usage: chown [OPTION] ... Owner[:[group]] FILE Example: Chown Jie magicLinux.txt