Commands for Linux

• Classification of Linux commands
• Meaning of options and parameters
• With "-" to boot the short format option (single character), e.g. "-l"
  
• "--" to boot long format options (multiple characters), such as "--color"
• Multiple short format options can be written together with only one "-" boot, such as "-al"
  
• Classification of commands
• Directory Operations Command
• PWD,CD, LS, mkdir, du
• File Operations Command
• Touch,file,cp,rm,mv,which,find,in
• File Content Operations Command
• Cat, More,less
• Head,tail,wc,grep
• Archive and Compress commands
• Gzip,bzip2,tar
• Basic commands
1. STARTX Boot Image operating system
2. Reboot restart your computer now
3. Shutdown-h immediately shut down the machine
4. Shutdown-r Restart your computer now
5. Logout logoff
• Basic commands
2. CD go to a directory
4. LS View current directory dir
6. Ls-s View details in the current directory
8. Ls-a Show hidden files
10. Ls-l Display long list format
12. Ls-al--full-time Full rendering of File modification times
14. MV A.text b.text Rename
16. chmod 751 File Change properties (111 101 001)
18. PWD Displays the current directory
20. mkdir FileName Create folder
22. rmdir filename to delete an empty folder
24. Touch filename creates an empty file
26. CP r DIR1 copy R to Dir1
• CP "Options" ... source file or directory ... Destination file or directory
• -R: Recursively replicate entire directory tree
• -P: Keep the properties of the source file unchanged
• -F: Force overwrite the target file or directory with the same name
• -I: Reminders are required to overwrite files or directories
28. MV moving files and changing file names
30. RM Delete files and directories
32. Rm-i * Prevent deletion
• -F force deletion of files or directories without reminders
• -I alert users to confirm when deleting files or directories
• -R recursively Delete entire directory tree
34. RM-RF * Remove all content (including directories and files) recursively
36. More display of file contents with pagination
38. Less displays the contents of the file with pagination
40. Du statistics directory and Space usage of files (estimate file space usage)
• -A: All files are included in the statistics, not just the statistics directory
• -H: Display information in more readable byte units (k, m, etc.)
• -S: Counts the total amount of space occupied by each parameter
42. File View Files Type
44. Which: Find the Linux command file and show where it is located--the search scope is specified by the PATH environment variable
46. Find:find "Look in" "find conditions" such as: Find-size +10000000k
• -name: Find by file name
• -user: Search by file Owner
• FIND/HOME-ADMIN-10 files or directories accessed within 10 minutes
• Find/home-atime-10 10 hours
• FIND/HOME-CMIN-10 files or directories that have changed within 10 minutes
• Find/home-ctime +10 10 hours ago changed files or directories
48. In: Used to establish a link to a file or directory link
• Format: in[-s] source file or directory ... Link file or destination directory
• Soft Links: Creating shortcuts
• Hard Links: Copying
50. Cat: Show the full contents of a file
52. MORE: Full screen display of the contents of the file page
• Press ENTER to scroll down by line
• Press the SPACEBAR to turn down a screen, press the B key to turn up a screen
• Press the Q key to exit
54. head:head-n file name; Purpose: View part of the beginning of a file (default 10 lines)
56. Tail:tail-n file name; tail-f file name; View a small portion of the end of the document (default 10 lines)
58. WC:WC number of words in File name statistics files
• -L: Count rows
• -W: Count the number of words
• -C: Statistics of bytes
60. grep:grep [Options] ... Find a conditional target file; Use: To find and include a line in a file that contains a specified string
• -I: Ignore case when finding
• -V: Reverse lookup, output rows that do not match the lookup criteria
• Find conditional settings
• The string to find is enclosed in double quotation marks.
• "^ ..." means ..... The beginning, "... $" means to ..... End
• "^$" indicates a blank line
62. Fdisk-l: Viewing the relationship between partitions and hard disks
64. Df-h viewing the use of a hard disk
66. Df-h or Df/home: the use of disks
68. Mount: Mount a device to a directory such as: mount/dev/sda1/boot/
70. Umount
72. ENV environment variable for current Linux (Environment)
74. Chsh-s/BIN/BSH Change Command
76. History 5: This description shows the 5 most recently used commands
78. Setup: Enter some configuration of the setup system, including network
80. Netstatu-tulnp|egrep (' name1 ' | ') Name2 ') System Network information
82. Top shows Linux hardware and process conditions
84. Chown username filename modify files and folders for users and user groups
    Chown-r username1|username2 filename To change all files under the all path of filename to
    UserName1 and UserName2
86. chmod modify files and folders Read and write perform awakening
    Chmod-r 777/temp/sco To change the properties of all files and folders below/temp/sco to writable and readable executable
    Writable 4 readable 2 executable 1
• The management of Linux users
1. Useradd Username Add Users
2. passwd username----> Enter password
3. Userdel Username Delete a user
4. Userdel-r Username Delete user and user home directory
• Specify the Run level
• Command: init[0123456] in/etc/inittab id:5: The number of the Initdefault line
• 0: Turn off the machine
• 1: Single User
• 2: Multi-user status No NETWORK service
• 3: Network Service with multi-user status
• 4: The system is reserved for use to the user
• 5: Graphical interface
• 6: System restart
• Directory
• . Represents this Layer directory
• .. Represents a previous level directory
• -Represents a previous working directory
• ~ Represents the home directory where the user is currently located
• Cd.. /dic a directory that enters a relative path
• Pipeline Command (| is the pipe command: Give the result of the previous pipe command | subsequent command processing)
• Alias commands such as: Alias lls= ' ls-l/home '
• Compression and decompression
• Zip zipname.zip name1,name2 File compression
• -R Sub-directories compress together
• -j ignores the contents of subdirectories, so it only presses the first level directory
• -N Remove compressed or unnecessary compressed files from the middle of the first file ": Separate
• -T 102002 means to compress files after October 20, 2002 in the directory
• 
  

From for notes (Wiz)

Commands for Linux