Java generics in-depth explanation

Why use generics?

A generic program is designed primarily to write code that can be reused by different objects .

The simplest example is ArrayList. We cannot write a ArrayList for each object, and ArrayList is designed as a generic class for all objects. Some people say that without generics, using object is not possible? But with object, you have to force type conversions in front of specific objects.

Generic class

A generic class is another class of one or more type variables.

The following defines a generic type of coordinate class.

 Public classPoint<t> {    PrivateT x; PrivateT y;  PublicT GetX () {returnx; }     Public voidSetX (T x) { This. x =x; }     PublicPoint (t X, t y) { This. x =x;  This. y =y; }     PublicPoint () {}}

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This allows us to pass in the type we need, such as:

New Point<> (a); Pointnew point<>(1f,1f);

Generic methods

A generic method refers to a method with a type parameter.

class arrayutil{    publicstatic <T> T getmiddle (t[] array) {          return ARRAY[ARRAY.LENGTH/2];}    }

Generic interface

Generic interfaces are the same as generic class usages, such as:

 Public Interface Javabeancrud<t> {    T Getobjectbyid (String ID);     void addobject (T obj);     void Delobjbyid (String ID);     void updateobj (T obj);}

 Public Interface extends Javabeancrud<student> {}

 public  class  studentdaoimpl implements   Studentdao {@Override  public   Student Getobjectbyid (String id) { return  null  ; @Override  public  void   public  void   Delobjbyid (String id) {} @Override  public  void   Updateobj (Student obj) {}}  

The simple example we can see is that generics do give us less rewriting of the code.

Qualification of type variables

If we need to write a method that implements getting the maximum value in the collection, the CompareTo interface is used. We can use extends to limit the types of variables. Such as:

 public  static  <t extends  comparable> T Getmax (t[] array) { if  (Array==null  | | array.length==0"  return  null  ;        T max  = Array[0];  for   (T temp:array) { if  (Max.compareto (temp) <0) Max  = temp;     return   Max; }

Extends here is no longer the meaning of our familiar inheritance. The object that is bound to getmax this method must inherit comparable, or there will be a compile error.

A type variable or wildcard can have more than one qualification, separated by ' & ', for example:

T extends comparable & Serializable

　　

Java generics in-depth explanation