Linux (1) installation and management of Linux software

Linux (1) installation and management of Linux software
Linux software package management system types

APT (Advanced Package Tool)

Package name: packagename_version_arch.deb

Composition: debian-binary ‑control.tar.gz ‑data.tar.gz

Common Systems: Ubuntu and Debian

RPM (RedHat Package Management)

Package name: packagename_version_arch.rpm
Packagename_version_arch.src.rpm

Composition: spec file + application source code package

Common Systems: Red Hat, SuSE, Fedora, CentOS, etc.

RPM Introduction

RPM is the abbreviation of RedHatPackageManager (RedHat package management tool)

Is an open software packaging system that anyone can use.

RPM simplifies Linux software installation and update management

For developers, RPM allows them to package software code and programs and then provide them to end users.

RPM design goals

1. You can use RPM to upgrade individual components on the system without having to reinstall them all. When you get a new version of the RPM-based operating system (such as RedHatLinux), you do not have to reinstall the system.
2. Powerful query functions RPM is designed to provide powerful query functions. You can search for software packages or specific files in the entire database. You can easily find out which file belongs to which software package and where the software package comes from.

RPM basic operation mode

RPM has five basic operation modes (excluding software package construction): installation, deletion, installation, upgrade, query, and verification.

Naming rules for RPM packages

The RPM package name has its own format.

Testlib-1.0-5.i386.rpm
1-The software package name is "testlib ";
2-version 1.0 of the software, including the main version number and minor version number (5 );
3-i386 is a hardware platform run by the Software. Other common platforms include i586, i686, noarch, and x86_64;
4-as the file extension, rpm indicates that the file type is RPM package.

RPM installation package

Syntax format

1: Parameter options:

-V: verbose. Detailed information is displayed during installation.

-H: Indicates hash. During the installation process, "#" is displayed to indicate the installation progress.

2: for larger RPM packages, use the "-ivh" option during installation to learn more about the installation progress.

RPM uninstall package

Syntax

RPM update package syntax

RPM Information Query

Syntax

-A: Query all installed software packages.

-F <file>: to query a specified file, you must specify the full path (such as/bin/ls) of the file ).

-P <packagefile>: queries a specific software package quota. The following options are called information selection options.

-I: displays the software package information, including the name, description, release version, size, manufacturing date, manufacturer, and other miscellaneous.

-L: displays the file list contained in the software package.

-S: displays the status of all files in the software package.

-D: displays the list of files marked as documents (man, info, README, etc.

-C: displays the list of files marked as configuration files.

Command Format for RPM verification: rpm-V for example, rpm-V testlib. check whether all files in the testlib package are the same as those in the initial installation. To verify the software package that contains a specific file: rpm-Vf/bin/vi to verify all installed software packages: rpm-Va