Linux Disk partitioning

1. Add 10G HDD. Hot swap is actually supported on the server

2. Fdisk-l View[[email protected] ~]# fdisk-l    #如果识别不到新插的硬盘, to view the disk, the virtual machine requires a reboot to load the new disk properly.  disk/dev/sda:53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectorsunits = sectors of 1 * = bytessector size (logic al/physical): bytes/512 bytesi/o size (minimum/optimal): bytes/512 bytesdisk label Type:dosdisk identifier:0 X000cd7c5    device boot      start          End      Blocks   Id   system/dev/sda1   *        2048      2099199     1048576   83  Linux/dev/sda2          2099200    94373887     46137344   83  linux/dev/sda3        94373888     102502399     4064256   82  linux swap/solaris/dev/sda4        102502400   104857599      1177600    5  extended/dev/sda5        102504448   104601599     1048576   83  linux  disk/dev/sdb:10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors   #这里的sdb为新加的磁盘Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 Bytessector size (logical/physical): bytes/512 bytesi/o size (minimum/optimal): + bytes/512 bytes 3, for the disk can be non-partitioned, directly formatted a whole block use, but usually is first partition, after formatting. fdisk is MBR partition mode, up to 2TB only, up to the primary partition primary plus the extended partition extended is 4, want to multiple partitions need the fourth partition for the extended partition extended, and in the extended partition within a plurality of logical partitions. The extended partition is just a shell that does not support formatting and is really storing logical partitions. [[email protected] ~]# fdisk/dev/sdbwelcome to fdisk (Util-linux 2.23.2).  changes would remain in memory only, u Ntil decide to write them. Be careful before using the write Command. device does not contain a recognized partition tablebuilding a new DOS dis Klabel with disk identifier 0x189fc246. command (M-help): n    #创建一个新的分区 (typically N: Create a new partition ; p: List partition; W: Save and exit; D: delete a partition; Q: Do not save direct exit) Partition type:   p   primary (0 primary, 0 Extended, 4 free)       #主分区: If you want to use a partition, you can divide up to four    e    extended                                             #扩展分区: Contains logical partition SELECT (Default p): P   partition number (1-4, Default 1): 1First sector (2048-20971519, default 2048):      #这里起始扇区都使用默认, you can enter directly. Using Default value 2048Last sector, +sectors or +size{k,m,g} (2048-20971519, default 20971519): +2g   & nbsp;   #划分2个G的空间. Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 2 GiB is SetCommand (M for help): p   #列出分区  disk/dev/sdb:10.7 GB, 10 737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectorsunits = sectors of 1 * MB = bytessector size (logical/physical): bytes/512 byt ESI/O size (minimum/optimal): bytes/512 bytesdisk label Type:dosdisk identifier:0x189fc246     Device Boot      start         end       Blocks   Id  System/dev/sdb1             2048     4196351      2097152   83  Linux            # you can now see the partition command you just partitioned (M for help): n       #主分区分完过后, and the new partition will not prompt for partition type:    p   primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)    e    Extendedselect (default p):         #默认回车Using Default Response ppartition Number (2-4, default 2):     #默认回车First sector (4196352-20971519, default 4196352):     #默认回车Using Default value 4196352Last sector, +sectors or +size{k,m,g} (4196352-20971519, default 20971519): +2g&nbs p;   #新建2G的主分区Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 2 GiB is SetCommand (M for help): p     #列 Out partition  disk/dev/sdb:10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectorsunits = sectors of 1 * = bytessector size (log ical/physical): bytes/512 bytesi/o size (minimum/optimal): bytes/512 bytesdisk label Type:dosdisk identifier: 0x189fc246    device boot      Start         End       Blocks   Id  System/dev/sdb1             2048     4196351     2097152    83  linux/dev/sdb2         4196352      8390655     2097152   83   Linuxcommand (M for help): n     #新建一个分区Partition type:   p    Primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)    e   extendedselect (default p):          #回车默认主分区Using Default Response ppartition number (3,4, default 3):      #默认回车从3开始First Sector (8390656-20971519, default 8390656):    #默认回车Using default value 8390656LaSt sector, +sectors or +size{k,m,g} (8390656-20971519, default 20971519): +1g   #划分1个G的主分区Partition 3 of type Lin UX and of size 1 GiB is SetCommand (M-help): p     #列出分区  disk/dev/sdb:10.7 GB, 10737418240 b Ytes, 20971520 sectorsunits = sectors of 1 * = bytessector size (logical/physical): bytes/512 bytesi/o Size (minimum/optimal): bytes/512 bytesdisk label Type:dosdisk Identifier:0x189fc246    device Boo t      start         end       Blocks   Id  System/dev/sdb1             2048     4196351      2097152   83  Linux/dev/sdb2          4196352     8390655     2097152   83  linux/dev/sdb3          8390656    10487807     1048576   83   Linux command (M for help): n    #新建分区Partition type:   p    Primary (3 primary, 0 extended, 1 free)    e   extendedselect (default e): e  & nbsp;  #划分扩展分区Selected partition 4First sector (10487808-20971519, default 10487808):    # Default carriage return by using default value 10487808Last sector, +sectors or +size{k,m,g} (10487808-20971519, default 20971519):     #默认回车划分剩余空间给扩展分区Using Default value 20971519Partition 4 of type Extended and of size 5 GiB is SetCommand (M for help ): p    #列出分区  disk/dev/sdb:10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectorsunits = sectors of 1 * 512 = 5 Bytessector size (logical/physical): bytes/512 bytesi/o size (minimum/optimal): bytes/512 bytesdisk label Type:dosdisk Identifier:0x189fc246    device Boot  &nbs p;   start         end       Blocks   Id  System/dev/sdb1             2048     4196351     2097152    83  linux/dev/sdb2         4196352      8390655     2097152   83   linux/dev/sdb3         8390656    10487807      1048576   83  Linux/dev/sdb4         10487808    20971519     5241856     5   extendedcommand (M for help): n    #可以看到提示变了 can only be divided into logical partitions. All primary partitions is in useadding logical partition 5First sector (10489856-20971519, default 10489856): Using defaul T value 10489856Last sector, +sectors or +size{k,m,g} (10489856-20971519, default 20971519): +1g  # Logical partition dividing 1G size partition 5 of type Linux and of size 1 GiB is SetCommand (M for help): p    #列出分区  disk/dev /sdb:10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectorsunits = sectors of 1 * = bytessector size (logical/physical): 51 2 bytes/512 bytesi/o Size (minimum/optimal): bytes/512 bytesdisk label Type:dosdisk identifier:0x189fc246 & Nbsp;  device boot      start          End      Blocks   Id  System/dev/sdb1             2048     4196351     2097152   83  linux/dev/sdb2          4196352     8390655      2097152   83  linux/dev/sdb3          8390656    10487807     1048576   83   linux/dev/sdb4        10487808    20971519      5241856    5  Extended/dev/sdb5         10489856    12587007     1048576    83  linuxcommand (M for help): n    #再划分一个逻辑分区All primary partitions is in Useadding Logical Partition 6First sector (12589056-20971519, default 12589056): Using default value 12589056Last sector, + Sectors or +siZe{k,m,g} (12589056-20971519, default 20971519): +1g    #划分1G大小的逻辑分区Partition 6 of type Linux and of size 1 GiB is Set command (M-help): p   #列出分区  disk/dev/sdb:10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectorsu NITs = sectors of 1 * bytessector size (logical/physical): bytes/512 bytesi/o size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes/512 bytesdisk label Type:dosdisk Identifier:0x189fc246    device Boot   & nbsp;  start         end       Blocks   Id  System/dev/sdb1             2048     4196351     2097152    83  Linux/dev/sdb2         4196352      8390655     2097152   83  linux/dev/sdb3         8390656     10487807     1048576   83  Linux/dev/sdb4         10487808    20971519      5241856    5  extended/dev/sdb5         10489856    12587007     1048576   83   linux/dev/sdb6        12589056    14686207      1048576   83  linuxcommand (M for help): d   # Delete a partition 6Partition number (1-6, default 6): 6     #回车默认是6Partition 6 is Deleted command (M-Help ): p   #列出分区  disk/dev/sdb:10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectorsunits = sectors of 1 * = + bYtessector size (logical/physical): bytes/512 bytesi/o size (minimum/optimal): bytes/512 bytesdisk Label Type: Dosdisk Identifier:0x189fc246    device boot      start          End      Blocks    Id  System/dev/sdb1             2048     4196351     2097152   83   linux/dev/sdb2         4196352      8390655     2097152   83  linux/dev/sdb3          8390656    10487807      1048576   83  linux/dev/sdb4        10487808   &nbsP; 20971519     5241856    5  extended/dev/sdb5         10489856    12587007      1048576   83  linuxcommand (M for help): w   #保存并退出The partition Table have been altered! calling ioctl () to re-read partition table. Syncing disks.[[email protected] ~]# fdisk-l/dev/sdb    disk/dev/sdb:10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 Sectorsunits = sectors of 1 * bytessector size (logical/physical): bytes/512 bytesi/o Size (Minimum/optima L): bytes/512 bytesdisk label Type:dosdisk Identifier:0x189fc246    device BOOT  &N bsp;   start         end       Blocks   Id  System/dev/sdb1             2048     4196351     2097152    83  linux/dev/sdb2         4196352      8390655     2097152   83   Linux/dev/sdb3         8390656    10487807     1048576   83  linux/dev/sdb4         10487808    20971519     5241856     5  extended/dev/sdb5        10489856     12587007     1048576   83  linux when we create a disk partition, there are three types of partitions to choose from, the extended partition (e), the primary partition (P), and the logical partition (L). we can create up to 4 partitions (not including logical partitions in 4), and if you want to create multiple partitions, you can have 3 primary partitions and one extended partition combination. Then in the extended partition, create the logical partition (you can create an infinite number of logical partitions); It should be noted that the extended partition is equivalent to a shell, is not formatted (not available), only its sub-partitions can be formatted. When partitioning in Fdisk, use the D option to delete the partition you want to delete, and be aware that when you have sub-partitions (logical partitions) in the extended partition, deleting the extended partition is deleted along with the child partition.

Linux Disk partitioning